(蜜蜂学课件）2 第二篇 章 蜜蜂种质资源.pptVIP

Questions hanging on the bee tree 燕子迁飞 老燕回巢率为47％，头年幼燕回巢率为16％，有的燕子竟然能连续四年返回旧巢。 Are they genetically related? Do they return to their old nest? Are they genetically related? Experimental procedures 7 sequential colonies were sampled from the lowest branch (40m) of a occupied by 127 colonies (10 workers from each colony) DNA were extracted from each worker Microsatellite genotype were determined for each worker Queen genotype was inferred for each colony No queens were related as mother/daughter Cannot exclude the possibility that some queens studied were half sisters The question is still open sample size is small, both absolutely and relatively (7 colonies and 7 of 127 colonies on the tree) only exclude the possibility that they are related as mother/daughter Do they return to their old nests? Do they return to old nests? This idea was tested by using DNA microsatellite genotyping of colonies sampled on the same bee trees over a three-year period (1995-1997) in Malaysia. To test whether swarms return to their natal nesting site, the authors measured the relatedness of colonies at two sites in Assam, India. (1996-2000) Migrating Apis dorsata returned to their old nest sites! How?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 俗名小草蜂，小挂蜂。 1.分布 我国广西、云南以及印度、越南、斯里兰卡、印度尼西亚和马来群岛。 2.体长 8.32±0.71mm（云南云县） 四、小蜜蜂 Apis florea 3.Biological characters 野生，栖息在海拔1900m以下的灌木丛或杂草丛中。筑单一巢脾，离地面0.2m~3m，但在森林中，巢离地面1m~4m。 巢房有3型蜂的分化 有较强的护脾力，常有三层以上工蜂爬附在巢脾上 灌木丛中的小蜜蜂 蜂巢(单脾) 俗名：岩蜂，喜马排蜂，大排蜂 1. Distribution 我国西藏南部、云南西部和南部和尼泊尔、不丹、印度东北部。 2.体长 16.35±2.15mm（云南澜仓） 蜜蜂属中个体最大的一种 五、黑大蜜蜂 Apis laboriosa 野生。常数群相邻，栖息在海拔1000m~3500m的喜马拉雅山区和横断山脉地区的岩隙中。露天筑巢单脾，面积为90×60cm2。筑巢时首选象牙白色岩石为背景。 3.Biological characters 三型蜂的巢房分化不明显。 受大胡蜂捕食时，脾上蜜蜂集体振翅声音极大，脾面振动幅度呈波浪状。 进行季节性迁飞 3.Biological characters 每群一年可取蜜20-40kg 俗名：小排蜂，黑色小蜜蜂 1.分布 云南南部和东南亚。 2.体长 8.27±1.90mm 六、黑小蜜蜂 Apis andreniformis 野生。 栖息于小乔木上，离地面2.5m~3.5m，露天筑巢，单脾。 3.Biol