房地产建设项目的成本控制——以ch房地产公司a项目为例-cost control of real estate construction projects - taking ch real estate company a project as an example.docxVIP
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房地产建设项目的成本控制——以ch房地产公司a项目为例-cost control of real estate construction projects - taking ch real estate company a project as an example
摘要近几年大量资金陆续投入房地产市场,导致部分区域房地产出现过热现象,对国 内经济社会产生了负面影响。为了避免房地产行业产生的过多泡沫,从2008年开始到 2014年,国内的房地产行业受到国家的宏观调控,比如土地供给的压缩、注册资本大幅 的提高,银行贷款的收紧,今后相关调控政策还要持续一段时间。房地产企业在这种形 式下怎样做到避免浪费资源,尽量降低成本,确保房地产价格不仅在需求者可承受的范 围内,而且能确保房地产企业有一定的预期利润,是本文研究的目的。成本控制是房地产项目开发过程中的重要环节,也是确保房地产项目经济效益的 关键。本文通过对CH房地产公司A项目开发中重要成本构成的分析,阐明了房地产项目 管理成本难以控制的原因:一、开发建设周期长;二、不确定因素及影响因素多;三、 要求人员有较高的素质、划分责任也有较大难度。发现CH房地产公司A项目开发的成本 控制存在三个问题:一、缺失成本控制的责任制;二、成本控制制度的静态化;三、成 本控制阶段的单一性。由于管理主体的缺位引起成本控制责任制的不完善,导致考核标 准和责任中心的成本考核体系没有得到有效执行,不能在运营管理中促进成本控制水平 的提高和成本控制方法的效益表现;静态成本控制让公司在项目运营过程中失去成本控 制的最佳契机,不但使成本控制标准不能执行,而且让成本控制的实操者失去了落实和 改善的热情,严重抑制了公司进行项目成本控制的动力;成本控制阶段的单一性,房地 产项目运营管理水平比较落后,其主要表现在:过分地把成本控制的焦点放在施工环节 上,忽略了房地产项目管理的其他重要环节。项目成本控制各自为政,在设计、监理、 施工等环节进行的成本控制停留在表面,只制定了少数成本控制的文件和措施,甚至相 关成本控制的标准也找不到,成本控制的实施的考核更无从谈起。针对CH房地产公司A项目成本控制存在的问题,本文通过认真的成本分析,在建立 项目成本控制责任制、建立动态成本控制制度、实施全过程成本控制等方面对成本进行 有效的监督和控制,促进项目的成本控制运作规范化、科学化,有助于公司的长远发 展。关键词:房地产项目;项目管理;成本控制;成本分析AbstractIn recent years when huge amount of investment flow into real estate marketing , which resulted that some regional real estate market is overheated and has negative influence to many aspects in domestic social and economics. In order to avoid bubbles from real estate business,from 2008 to 2014, government has implemented many macro control policies , such as controls of land supply, reduction of bank loan, such policies will continue for a period of time. Research purpose of this thesis are,how real estate enterprise will avoid abuse of land resource and reduce cost , in order to ensure the housing price to acceptance level of the demanders and maintain expected profit level.Cost control is the key point during real ester project developing. it is also a key factor to ensure real estate project economics. This thesis is based on the analysis of major cost structure of project A from CH company, and clarifies reasons of difficulties of real estate project cost control: long project construction period , various uncertainty influence factors , higher requirement of human re
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