第一个流行音乐.pptVIP

主題: 第一個流行音樂 Jazz 定義 Jazz: vt 使人更有精神更快點, n 活力精力 Jazz and the New Orleans background (1895–1916). The foundations of jazz were established by black Americans in this urban environment before the music had a name, or when it was still referred to as ragtime or ‘ratty’ music. The process unfolded as musicians gradually developed new ways of interpreting a varied repertory that included marches, dance music (two-steps, quadrilles, waltzes, polkas, schottisches and mazurkas), popular songs, traditional hymns and spirituals. Jazz and the New Orleans background (1895–1916). What might be called a nascent jazz sensibility arose from the loosening of performance strictures and the adoption of an individualistic, defiantly liberating attitude that has remained at the core of this musical tradition. Although we lack documentation that shows this process unfolding, it is possible to hypothesize some of the stages involved. Jazz and the New Orleans background (1895–1916). Rhythms, for example, gradually may have come to be interpreted more freely than in earlier 19th-century marches, ragtime and cakewalks. Phrases were stretched out and either played in a more relaxed manner or syncopated more vigorously, not just in one instrumental part but in two or more simultaneously. Jazz and the New Orleans background (1895–1916). Drummers ‘jazzed up’ – that is, enlivened – simple duple and triple metre by introducing syncopated patterns and phrasing over bar lines. Players began embellishing and ornamenting melodies, inventing countermelodies, weaving arpeggiated lines into the texture and enriching diatonic harmonies with blue notes Stephane Grappelli 1908-1997 Stephane Grappelli Stephane Grappelli born (1908) and raised in Paris was involved with music at a very early age. By 12 years, he had acquired his first violin- just one of several instruments he learned to play. He began professionally with theatre bands, eventually being introduced to jazz music. A French jazz music