九江发电厂2×660mw超超临界机组锅炉炉型选择分析-analysis on boiler type selection of 2× 660 mw ultra supercritical unit in jiujiang power plant.docxVIP
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九江发电厂2×660mw超超临界机组锅炉炉型选择分析-analysis on boiler type selection of 2× 660 mw ultra supercritical unit in jiujiang power plant
摘要超临界和超超临界机组是我国火力发电的主力机型,其锅炉主要有 П 型锅炉和 塔式锅炉两种炉型。目前国内目前绝大多数投产的 600MW 等级机组均采用 П 型锅 炉。本文在汇总分析国内外现有 600~1000MW 级机组工程设计经验的基础上,以选 型经济合理、运行可靠、安全实用为原则,结合九江电厂四期工程中 2×660MW 的 实际,进行锅炉本体型式的优化设计研究,对于国内同类型电站机组的锅炉选型具 有指导和借鉴意义。本文首先总结了国内外 600MW 级及以上火力发电机组生产厂家和锅炉炉型的 技术特点。根据国电九江电厂的燃料特性和设计参数要求,进行了 2×660MW 机组 的 П 型锅炉和塔式锅炉的初步设计。设计内容包括锅炉整体布置、锅炉总体设计、 启动系统、燃烧设备、空气预热器、吹灰器、安全阀、钢构架和平台楼梯等。然后对这两种炉型从技术性能数据、炉型技术特点和经济性等方面进行对比分 析。塔式炉主要优点是锅炉效率较高、NOX 排放量低、烟侧阻力和汽水阻力小;主 要缺点是塔式锅炉金属耗量大、燃烧器阻力较大、现场焊口数较多。塔式炉与 П 型 炉相比,每年可减少烟尘排放量 568t、SO2 排放量 24.95t、NOx 排放量 9.59t。从节 能环保和社会效益等方面,选择塔式锅炉作为九江电厂四期 2×660MW 锅炉的炉型。接着从运行角度,针对运行中由于传热恶化和热偏差导致的超温爆管和水动力 不稳定等问题,在热力计算基础上,利用《前苏联锅炉水动力计算方法》对 660MW 超超临界锅炉水动力特性进行计算,得到了超超临界塔式锅炉水冷壁的流动阻力特 性和水动力特性,并对水冷壁传热恶化进行了校核。最后针对已投运的国产超超临界塔式锅炉,由于焊口数较多出现的水冷壁的运 行问题,选用 T23 钢作为塔式锅炉水冷壁的材质,并对其焊接工艺进行改进优化, 以保证安全运行。综合以上分析,国电九江电厂 2×660MW 锅炉采用塔式炉是合理的。关键词:660MW 超超临界机组;П 型炉;塔式炉;锅炉选型;技术经济性分析AbstractSupercritial ultra-supercritical power plant units are the main units in China, and two pass type П (type) boilers and tower type boilers are the main boiler types. Today in China, П type boilers are /the%20overwhelming%20majoritythe overwhelming majority in 600MW power plants. In the paper, the analysis has been made from the engineering design practice data from 600 to 1000MW capacity power plant units home and abroad. The criterion is combined with economical rationality, /runningreliabilityrunning reliability and practical security. The feasibility problemof the boiler type selection in the forth stage of the project,2×660MW Ultra-supercriticalUnits in Jiujiang Power Plant and the technical economy camparision between П type boiler and tower type boiler have been studied. This research results have important direction and lesson affect for the boiler selection in the same capacity unit.Firstly, the main boiler manufacturers and the technology characteristics of different type boiler which size is in 600~1000MW coal-firing unit at home and abroad is brieflyanalyzed. According to demand of the fuel characteristic
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