巧妙避开“to”重重陷阱.docVIP

巧妙避开“to”重重陷阱 　　to一词既可用做不定式符号，其后接动词原形，也可用做介词，其后接名词、代词或动词?ing形式。命题者常常利用to的这一特点设置陷阱，学生要仔细审题，巧妙避开重重陷阱。 　　一、 利用某些动词常接动词?ing形式做宾语设置陷阱 　　【特点】接动词?ing形式做宾语的动词，当其宾语被前置时，呈现其后接动词不定式的情况。例如： 　　1. —Which do you enjoy your spare time， reading or playing computer games？ 　　—Reading， of course. 　　A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. being spent 　　解析 易误选C或D，思维定势是enjoy应接动词?ing形式做宾语。正确选项为A，enjoy的宾语是which（其范围是reading or playing computer games），故此处用不定式做目的状语。 　　2. The place they suggested the meeting is only a 10?minute walk from here. 　　A. hold B. holding C. to hold D. should hold 　　解析 易误选B，思维定势是suggest应接动词?ing形式做宾语。正确选项为C，they suggested是省略了在从句中做宾语的引导词that/which的定语从句，此处用不定式短语to hold the meeting做主语the place的后置定语。 　　二、 利用介词后接动词?ing形式做宾语设置陷阱 　　【特点】介词后接动词?ing形式做宾语，当其宾语被前置时，呈现介词后接动词不定式的情况。例如： 　　1. Please tell me the way you thought of enough money to buy the new machine. 　　A. getting B. having got C. being go D. to get 　　解析 易误选A、B或C，思维定势是介词of应接动词?ing形式做宾语。正确选项为D，you thought of是省略了在从句中做宾语的引导词that/which的定语从句，名词the way的后置定语可用不定式，也可用of doing引出。 　　2. Every second must be made full use our spoken English. 　　A. of practising B. of to practise C. to practise D. in practising 　　解析 易误选A，思维定势是短语make use of中的of是介词，其后应接动词?ing形式。正确选项为B，可将该被动句转换为主动句We must make full use of every second to practise our spoken English. 足见make full use of的宾语是every second，此处用不定式做目的状语。 　　三、 利用固定短语设置陷阱 　　【特点】某些看似固定的短语搭配，在具体语境中发生变化，要注意识别句子的语境和含义。例如： 　??1. The man used in all kinds of weather will leave our company next week. 　　A. to drive B. to driving C. have driven D. be driving 　　解析 易误选A，思维定势是used to do sth.表达“过去常常做某事”。正确选项为B，used to driving in all kinds of weather是分词短语做后置定语，可转换为定语从句who is used to driving in all kinds of weather，此处实际用be used to doing sth.结构。句意：习惯在各种天气条件下开车的这个男子下周就要离开我们公司了。 　　2. We all thanked the driver for the things he had done to prevent the accident the passengers safe. 　　A. being made B. to making C. to make D. from making 　　解析 易误选A或D，思维定势是prevent sb./sth. （from） doing/being done表达“阻止某人/某物（被）……”。 正确选项为C，此处用