四氮二氧氮杂冠醚衍生物金属配合物作为模拟核酸酶的分析-analysis of metal complexes of tetraazamoxa crown ether derivatives as simulated nucleases.docxVIP
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四氮二氧氮杂冠醚衍生物金属配合物作为模拟核酸酶的分析-analysis of metal complexes of tetraazamoxa crown ether derivatives as simulated nucleases
摘要核酸中磷酸二酯的骨架极其稳定,在生理条件下,其半衰期长达千万年,但是在温和条件下,天然核酸酶能迅速分解核酸,然而天然核酸酶存在很多缺点限制了其广泛应用。因此,合成具有核酸酶功能的小分子化合物的金属配合物成为当今的研究热点。这些酶能够在生命体中催化水解羧酸酯、磷酸酯、氨基酸等物质。因此,深入研究人工核酸酶的作用机制将有利于阐明核酸酶的作用机理,从而在治疗疾病的基因药物研发、毒性物质的降解、酶的应用等方面具有重要的学术意义和应用价值。氮杂冠醚配合物以其自身结构上的优势在模拟核酸酶催化核酸水解裂解的作用机理研究中备受青睐。一些氮杂冠醚过渡金属配合物、氮杂冠醚镧系金属配合物作为人工水解酶的研究取得了一定成效。为了探究氮杂冠醚(1,10-二氧-4,7,13,16-四氮-18-冠-6)金属配合物及其衍生物与DNA的作用,本论文主要包括以下几个方面:(1)采用凝胶电泳法研究了过渡金属配合物ZnL1对DNA的作用,结果表明:ZnL1与能将pUC19DNA裂解为线性DNA。对比研究了ZnL1、CuL1、NiL1对DNA的剪切效率,在相同条件下,三种配合物的水解效率大小为:ZnL1CuL1NiL1,这可能是由于作为活性中心的金属离子的半径作为主导作用。较大的离子半径为配体和DNA的结合提供了更适合的空间,降低了结合位阻,因而有利于中间物种的形成和后续的剪切反应的进行,从而导致ZnL1的裂解效率最高的结果。(2)采用紫外光谱法、凝胶电泳法对比研究了相同大环结构,不同氮原子数的氮杂冠醚的镧金属配合物(LaL1、LaL4)与DNA作用。在相同条件下,两种镧配合物的水解效率大小为:LaL1LaL4,结果表明:相比O原子而言,N原子具有更强的供电性与配位能力,因此金属配合物的稳定性增加,其催化效率也更高。(3)合成了含羟丙基支链的氮杂冠醚(L2)及其金属配合物、未见报道的含酰胺支链的氮杂冠醚(L3)及其金属配合物,采用凝胶电泳法研究了其过渡金属配合物、镧系金属配合物与DNA之间的作用,结果表明:过渡金属配合物之间的关系可以表述为:ZnL3ZnL2,CuL3CuL2,含有酰胺基支链的氮杂冠醚过渡金属配合物的催化效果更佳;镧系金属配合物:LnL3LnL2,这可能是由于酰胺基中N原子的未共用电子对与羰基的π电子形成共轭体系,该共轭体系能分散反应过渡态的电子云密度,稳定过渡态,因此,其催化效率更高。关键词:氮杂冠醚金属配合物;DNA催化裂解;含羟基支链;含酰胺支链IIIAbstractPhosphodiesterbondsofnucleicacidareextremelyrigidinmildconditionssinceitshalflifeisaslongasmillionsofyears,butthenucleicacidcouldbeeasilysplittedbynaturalnucleases.However,theapplicationofnaturalnucleasesislimitedbyitsdisadvantages.Therefore,thereisincreasinginterestinsynthesizingartificialnucleases,whicharekindsofenzymetowardcatalyzingorganiccompoundhydrolysis,suchasthecarboxylicacid,phosphateestersandamidesetcinthebiologicalbody.Thus,design,synthesisandin-depthstudyofreactionmechanismoftheartificialnucleasescontributetotheirpotentialapplicationsinmolecularbiologicaltechnologyanddrugdevelopment.Complexesmadeofvariousaza-crownethersandtransitionmetalionsorrareearthmetalionshavemadegreatprogressinthefieldsofdrugdevelopment,molecularbiologicaltechnology,creatingnoveltherapeuticsorlaboratoryagentsformanipulatingnucleicacidsandsoon.InordertoexplorethereactionofDNAandcomplexesmadeoftransitionmetalionsorrareearthmetalionsandaza-crownethers(1,10-dio
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