四川阆中千佛镇既有生土房屋现状及治理措施分析-analysis on the current situation and control measures of existing houses in qianfo town of langzhong, sichuan province.docxVIP

西华 西华大学硕士学位论文 I I 摘 要 生土房屋指未经焙烧的土坯、灰土和夯土承重墙体的房屋及土窑洞、土拱房。由于 其取材便利、施工简单、造价低廉、保温隔热性能良好、“碳的零排放”特点，在环境 危机、能源危机日益严重的今天，生土房屋作为一种生态建筑、绿色建筑，有着强大的 生命力。但房屋结构的构造措施不完善、施工过程不规范，因而房屋在使用过程中出现 了多种质量病害，危害着结构整体安全性。 本文选择了川东地区生土房屋分布较广泛的四川阆中千佛镇为调研地，获得了村镇 在役生土房屋的营造技术、建筑材料、结构形式和质量病害等相关一手资料。阐述墙体 抹面层侵蚀、纵横墙交接处裂缝、山墙倾闪、屋盖系统质量病害及木柱破坏六种典型质 量现象、成因，提出了病害的治理及预控措施。 关键词：生土房屋；实地调研；质量通病；成因分析；病害治理 四川 四川阆中千佛镇既有生土房屋现状及治理措施研究 II II Abstract Raw soil building refers to the houses which is constructed by unroasted adobes、dusts and rammed earth, along with the loess cave dwellings and the soil arch rooms. It ha s advantages of the availability of materials, the simple construction methods, the low costs, energy saving, “the zero carbon emissions”and so on. Today,the environmental crisis and the energy crisis is more increasingly serious, raw soil building is considered as a kind of “green building” or “ecological building”, it has a strong vitality.But the construction mechanism is not sound and the construction measures are not perfect. Therefore, in the process of normal use, a variety of quality problems exists, and seriously threatening the safety of the whole structure. LangZhong, QianFoZhen.in Sichuan province is selected as the research area, which has a wildly distribution of earth buildings. Many relevant materials have been acquired. In this paper, it expounds several kinds of typical quality problems and analyzed the reasons of some kinds of quality diseases. Finally, the author pertinently put forward the control measures. Key Words: Raw soil building; field research; quality disease; cause analysis; control measure 西华 西华大学硕士学位论文 PAGE PAGE IV 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 引 言1 1 绪论2 1.1 生土房屋概述2 1.1.1 生土房屋的历史 2 1.1.2 生土房屋的特点 4 1.1.3 生土房屋的类型 6 1.1.4 生土墙体的建造 11 1.2 国内外研究现状15 1.2.1 国外研究现状 15 1.2.2 国内研究现状 16 1.3 本文的课题来源和研究意义17 1.3.1 课题的背景及来源17 1.3.2 课题的目的及意义18 1.4 本文的主要工作19 2 调研资料 20 2.1 调研对象简介20 2.2 调研工作开展21 2.2.1 房屋选址及基础情况22 2.2.2 房屋结构24 2.2.3 墙体类型及破坏情况25 2.2.4 屋盖构成及破坏情况29 2.2.5 抗震加强措施情况31 2.3 本章小结 33 3