无线传感器网络路由优化分析及仿真软件设计-routing optimization analysis and simulation software design for wireless sensor networks.docxVIP
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无线传感器网络路由优化分析及仿真软件设计-routing optimization analysis and simulation software design for wireless sensor networks
摘要物联网是新一代信息技术的重要组成部分,而无线传感器网络对物联网具有推动作用,它在感知层扮演着重要的角色。然而由于传感器节点能量受限,无线传感器网络的生命周期严重受阻,因此研究延长网络生命周期的有效策略是非常必要的。同时,无线传感器网络的工作性质及工作环境决定了网络会经常受到外界的攻击和环境的屏蔽干扰,这些因素将会严重影响网络的性能,甚至会导致整个网络的崩溃瓦解。面对无线传感器网络的实际应用,如何节省节点能量的同时保证网络数据传输的安全性,提高整个网络的健壮性成为无线传感器网络研究的又一热点。本文提出两种有效解决策略:(1)基于均匀分簇和数据聚合的路由算法:首先根据网络规模和节点数计算出多跳网络中的最优簇头数,然后利用最优簇头数目选出网络中能量较大且分布均匀的节点作为簇头,形成分簇拓扑结构,最后按照计算出节点合理传输距离,选择下一跳节点进行数据传输。在数据传输时,根据网络拓扑的优劣动态更新网络拓扑而不是传输固定轮数以后再更新。(2)一种能量高效和健壮的数据聚合算法:在数据转发时,节点对已经采集到的数据进行有效分割,并转发给已选出的转发节点,防止数据遭到攻击或篡改,同时采用路由修复机制对失效链路进行修复,确保信息安全、可靠传输,并且有效提高能量利用率。另外,本文基于MFC框架设计并实现了无线传感器网络仿真软件,该软件可以对无线传感器网络进行可视化模拟,使得网络的运行过程更加透明、逼真,进而对研究高性能网络起着一定的推动作用。关键字:无线传感器网络均匀分簇数据聚合数据分割MFC框架AbstractInternetofThingsisanimportantpartofthenewgenerationofinformationtechnology.Wirelesssensornetworks(WSNs)willpromotethedevelopmentofInternetofThingsandplayanimportantroleintheperceptionlayerofInternetofThings.However,duetothelimitedenergyofsensornodes,thenetworklifetimewouldbeseriouslydisrupted.Therefore,itisveryindispensabletostudyhowtoextendthenetworklifetime.Atthesametime,theworkingnatureandtheenvironmentinWSNsdeterminethatthenetworkwilloffenbeattackedfromoutsideandshiedbyenvironment.Thesefactorswillseriouslyaffectthenetworkperformance,andevenleadtothecollapseoftheentirenetwork.Accordingtothepracticalapplication,howtosaveenergyofnodesandimprovetherobustnessofthewholenetworktoensurethesecurityofdatatransmission,whichwillbeahotissue.Thetwoeffectivestrategiesareproposedinthispaper:Anovelroutingalgorithmbasedontheuniformclusteringanddataaggregation(UCDA).Firstly,calculatingthenumberofoptimalclusterheadsaccordingtothenetworksizeandthenodes.Secondly,thenodeswhichhavethelargenumberofenergyanddistributeuniformlyarechosenastheclusterheadsbasedonthenumberofoptimalclusterheadsandthenbuildthetopology.Finally,thenexthopnodeisselectedtotransmitthedataaccordingtoareasonabledistancewhichhadbeencalculated.Indatatransmittingphase,thenetworktopologyisupdateddynamicallyinaccordancewiththeprosandconsofthenetworkratherthanupdatedafterthefixe
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