逃脱生存藩篱——《小镇畸人》中现代人的异化研究-escaping from the barriers of existence - a study on alienation of modern people in grotesques in small town.docxVIP

聊城大学硕士学位论文 聊城大学硕士学位论文 ii ii students, between Enoch Robinson and the friends turn them into alienated subjects. Under Anderson’s pen, these alienated interpersonal relationships are what modern industrialization that seek greedily materialist pleasure poses on modern people. Gender relationship in modern society is also alienated. Either women possessed by traditional Puritanical ascetic ethics, or new women baptized by the social value of industrial civilization, want to break out of the “edge” status and walks into the “center” of the patriarchal society, by expressing their own desire in a special way. Yet the traditional culture and morality though challenged by the new civilization still play a dominant role on people’s value orientation of gender, ideology, lifestyle, which becomes the root causes of these alienated women’s great pain. Anderson’s grotesques do not give up themselves to alienation, but try to get rid of their psychological and mental dilemma desperately. They try to get rid of their alienation in religion by confronting to changing society bravely or by releasing their inner desire. They choose to avoid alienation personal human relationship by talking out their minds to others or by seeking their love. Those women on the verge of liberation, then, attempt to get over the gender barriers by struggling against the patriarchal society, and choosing lonely but independent life. Though failing in the attempt, these grotesques are still worthy of respect due to their spiritual vigor to make their choice. Key words: Grotesque; alienation; feature；cause; attempt PAGE PAGE iii 摘 要 舍伍德·安德森被福克纳誉为“美国当代作家之父”,而安德森的杰作 《小镇 畸人》更是被誉为一部“关于美国异化的寓言”。舍伍德·安德森清楚地意识到了 现代人的孤独和异化，深入到人物的内心世界，感受造成人性扭曲的深层次的原因， 塑造出了一群渴盼爱与自由却又疏于交流、为自我所隔离的“畸人”形象。更重要 的是阐释了畸人在焦虑困惑和绝望中敢于探寻出路的独特异化主题。 本文试图通过分析现代畸人对宗教信仰的怀疑与背叛、人际关系的扭曲与冷漠以 及传统女性追求理想自由所遭受的压抑与不幸，揭露出《小镇畸人》中一系列的异 化特征。处于传统文明中的小镇居民难以适应工业文明带来的物质、精神和社会结 构上的巨变，他们的心灵受到扭曲，因此倍感孤独绝望,这些时代的落伍者在追求“物 质享乐”的人眼里变成了“畸人”。 然而不屈不挠的畸人们试图通过敞开心扉，放 飞梦想；反抗传统，