拓展的隐马氏模型和基于遗传算法的参数估计方法-extended hidden markov model and parameter estimation method based on genetic algorithm.docxVIP
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拓展的隐马氏模型和基于遗传算法的参数估计方法-extended hidden markov model and parameter estimation method based on genetic algorithm
国 防科学技
国 防科学技
术大学研
究生院学
位论文
第
第 I 页
摘 要
隐马氏模型(Hidden Markov Models,简称为 HMM)是一类统计模型,它包括一个隐状 态过程和一个与之相关的可观测过程。其经典理论是由 L.E.Baum 等在 20 世纪 60 年代 末 70 年代初所给出的。随后这一模型于 20 世纪 70 年代中期由 Jenik 等应用到语音识别领 域,逐步发展成为语音识别领域中最瞩目、最有效的技术之一。目前,它在生物统计、基 因识别、文字识别和图像处理等方面都有广泛应用.遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,简称为 GA),是模拟自然界生物进化过程与机制求解极值问题的一类自组织、自适应人工智能技 术。其经典理论最初是由美国芝加哥大学的 Holland 教授提出的。
本文主要从隐马氏模型的拓展着手,首先给出了层次隐马氏模型(Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model,简称为 HHMM)的定义,推导出了 HHMM 的三个问题的解决方法,得出 了类似于隐马氏模型的前后向算法、Viterbi 算法以及学习算法,并在假设观测序列可分割 为相互联系较弱的子序列的基础上,给出了一种隐马氏模型的分块改进方法。然后给出了 基于 HMM 的生物序列比对方法:基于对隐马氏模型(Pair HMM)的双序列比对方法和基 于剖面隐马氏模型(Profile HMM)的多序列比对方法。最后针对多序列比对中的 Profile HMM 的参数优化问题,提出了遗传算法与 Baum—Welch(BW)算法相结合的参数估计方法, 给出了一种设计方案。
关键词:隐马氏模型 层次隐马氏模型 对隐马氏模型 剖面隐马氏模型 生物序列比对 遗传算法
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第 II 页
ABSTRACT
The Hidden Markov Models which consist of a hidden Markov process and an observation process are statistical models,and the abbreviation is HMM.They were brought forward by Baum and his colleagues in the late sixties and early seventies.In 1970s,they were applied into
speech recognition by Jenik and some other people and have been one of the most efficient techniques in this area.Besides, they have also been widely used in biostatistics,gene recognition,character recognition and image processing etc nowadays.Genetic Algorithm,also
known as GA brought forward by Holland in University of Chicago, is one of self-organized and self-adaptive artificial intelligence techniques for Extremum Problem by simulating the natural evolution process and mechanism.
In this dessertation,we start with the extension of HMM.Firstly, we propose a new
generalized Markov model Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model (HHMM), and several new analytic formulae for solving three basic problems which are similar to forward-backward
algorithm,Viterbi algorithm and studying algorithm of HMM were theoretically derived.
Keywords: HMMHHMMPair HMMProfile HMMbiological sequence alignmentGenetic AlgorithmSecondly, based on the assumpt
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