“耳”的概念隐喻——基于语料的英汉对比分析英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

聊城大学硕士学位论文 聊城大学硕士学位论文 聊城大学硕士学位论文 聊城大学硕士学位论文 i i PAGE PAGE iv Abstract Metaphor was traditionally considered a matter of language rather than a matter of thought over 2000 years. And it is regarded as a decorative and ornamental device in nature, thus it is a set of extraordinary or figurative linguistic expressions out of normal language systems. Fortunately, with the reflections carried out by researchers in various disciplines, metaphor begins to get its rebirth as a result of its connection with thought. The publication of Lakoff and Johnson?s seminal book Metaphors We Live By in 1980 marked the beginning of this new theory cognitive metaphor. The central idea of the new theory is that metaphor is pervasive in our daily life and it is ubiquitous in language and thought. Therefore metaphor should be a figure of thought, whose conceptual systems are structured by metaphor plus other kinds of imaginative structures; metaphor in nature is a perceptual and conceptualizing tool, by which human beings understand the surrounding world. Moreover, metaphor serves as an efficient source from which new meanings and new understanding arise if constructed from a new perspective. In a word, metaphor is cognitive rather than linguistic. Metaphor in cognitive linguistics actually refers to conceptual metaphor, which is different from but related to linguistic metaphor or linguistic metaphorical expression. Conceptual metaphor allows us to comprehend a relatively abstract concept by virtue of a more concrete concept. According to the cognitive functions, conceptual metaphors can be classified into three types: structural metaphor, ontological metaphor and orientational metaphor. Conceptual metaphor is characterized by a set of systematic correspondences between the source domain and the target domain, namely mappings. However, those metaphorical mappings are not at random but constrained by the so-called image-schemas， which emerge from our bo