《淮南子》三女神研究-中国古代文学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 中文摘要 I I 《淮南子》是秦汉之际保存中国古代神话较为丰富和完整的一部著作。书中 记载了大量的神话传说，本文试对书中所记的三位女性神话人物进行考察，还原 她们神话原初面貌的同时，希望能从《淮南子》文本和编著者刘安着手，得出汉 代神话观品质之一二。论文分四章展开： 第一章：女娲考。女娲在中国神话史上地位崇高，是作为始祖的面貌被先民 膜拜。《淮南子》书中记述女娲补天、治水、造人等开天辟地功绩外，描绘了女 娲作为女皇治理天下的局面，这与汉初崇尚无为的社会风气相映生辉。 第二章：西王母考。西王母传说由来已久，其具有的浓重的神仙气息，在秦 汉数术、方技大行，朝野追慕长生的社会背景下，这一神话中成仙、不死的特质 被一再放大。 第三章：嫦娥考。嫦娥奔月与王母授药神话是“音乐上同一主题而曲调有变 化”，同为“仙话”，却格调有别。嫦娥的身上，是求仙带来的悲剧——不管是“月 精”还是“蟾蜍”，一样免不了高空苦寒的寂寞——而悲剧引起的是同情和尊重。 淮南王和宾客们笔下的文字一不小心“逸出尘外”，逃离开整个社会男尊女卑的 风气，这恐怕是不为他们预期所料想的。 第四章：刘安和他的时代。一方面，秦汉之际乃神仙思想最弥漫时代。黄老 的流传、方术的兴起，令战国时期的仙人继续浪漫地在人世之外游行；另一方面 汉初风行的黄老无为、恭俭谦和思想，历高祖、文、景各朝而渐趋衰落，君王专 制的霸权色彩日益浓厚。作为诸侯王的刘安，受这时代风气的召唤，以饱学之才 华著书立言，企图建立他为汉廷构筑的理想国。 关键词：女娲 西王母 嫦娥 《淮南子》 刘安 Abstract Abstract Huainantzu, a wonderful writing of the Qin and Han Dynasties, records a large number of intact ancient Chinese myths. This thesis is a study of three mythical females whose features are presented vividly. It is also an attempt to explore the characteristics of mythology in Han Dynasty on the basis of the analysis of Huainantzu text and the complier Liu An. The thesis consists of the following four chapters. Chapter one: A study of Nu Wa. The myth of Nu Wa enjoys a dominant position in Chinese history and Nu Wa is worshipped by Chinese people as the first ancestor. The book Huainantzu not only provides us with mystery stories such as “Nu Wa Patches up the Sky”, “Nu Wa Controls Floodwater” and “Nu Wa Creates Man”, but also gives us a description of Empress Nu Wa’s rule over the world which reflects the social customs of early years of the Han Dynasty. Chapter two: A study of Hsi Wang Mu. With a strong flavor of immortal, the legend of Hsi Wang Mu is time-honored. In Qin and Han Dynasties, witch astrology and alchemy were prevalent since all the people sought longevity. In this social background, the goddess’s immortality and longevity was overstated again and again. Chapter Three: A study of Chang-Er, the Moon Goddess. With the same topic, the myths of “Chang-Er Flies to the Moon” and “Hsi Wan