庄子畸人之德研究——以德充符为中心-a study on zhuangzis moral character of abnormal people - centered on moral character.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 摘 要 《庄子》以其“波奇云诡、瑰丽奇谲”的语言吸引了数千年间学者不断阅读、研究， 蕴含在文字背后的哲学思想也一直为哲学家所着迷。庄子《内篇》七篇中，尤其是《德 充符》中，刻画了王骀、申徒嘉、哀骀它等一批身体残疾、相貌丑陋却德行极高的怪人， 这类人物集中体现了庄子“德有所长而形有所忘”的哲学思想。 庄子似乎对形体怪异的人物有特别的热衷，甚至其笔下的动物、树木以及其他物品， 大都奇形怪状，颠覆了世人传统的审美眼光。庄子如此用心地塑造这样一种病残的“畸 者”形象，除了与他所处的时代有关，还与他独特的内心精神追求有关。庄子生活在战 乱频仍的战国时代，目睹了数不清的人间疾苦，尤其是因为天灾人祸导致的身体残疾者， 让庄子看透了当权者虚伪残暴的本性，也对普通人患得患失斤斤计较的狭小胸襟而感悟 良多。庄子深入内心世界，思考一种能够让人们摆脱世间一切疾苦的哲学，这又体现出 庄子与儒家的积极入世思想，以及与佛家悲天悯人的慈悲情怀相同之处。 但庄子以“畸人”为载体的“道”“德”思想又是独特的，既有对老子无为思想的继承， 又有对儒家仁义道德理论的批判。本文拟从庄子塑造“畸人”形象的写作背景、庄子之“德” 的具体内涵、“畸人”之德的表现形式、庄子之“德”与儒家的关系、“畸人”形象对后世的 影响等方面具体论述，以获得庄子寄托在“畸人”形象背后的深层哲学意味。 关键词 哲学 庄子 畸人 道 德 II II Abstract Abstract Chuang tzu to the wave cloud paradox, magnificent, its language has attracted thousands of years scholars continuously reading, research, contained in the philosophy behind the text has been fascinated by philosophers. Chuang tzu in article 7 article, especially, the charge operator, portrays the king Chinese ostrich ACTS Carrie, Chinese ostrich it a batch of physical disabilities, such as ugly freaks but virtue is extremely high, this kind of character embodied the Chuang tzu DE have a director and forget philosophy. Chuang tzu seems to form strange characters have a special love, even its animals, trees, and other items, strange, overturned the traditional aesthetic taste. Chuang tzu so attentively to establish such a sick abnormal image, in addition to related to his age, also related to his unique inner spiritual pursuit. Chuang tzu many lives in the war of the warring states period, witnessed the untold human suffering, especially because of natural and man-made disasters caused by disabled body, let Chuang tzu hypocrisy cruel nature, through the power of ordinary people roll haggle over every ounce of narrow mind and feel a lot. Chuang tzu deep inner world, think a way to let people get rid of the world all the sufferings of philosophy, which in turn reflects the Chuang tzu and Confucian think positive thoughts of Chinas accession to wto, and t