不同生态条件对玉米种子质量的影响-农业推广专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 山东农业大学硕士专业学位论文 中 文 摘 要 本研究以浚单 20、郑单 958、先玉 335 玉米杂交种子为试验材料，通过比较甘肃、 新疆、山东三个不同生态区所生产玉米杂交种子的形态和种子质量的差异，探讨生态因 素对同一和不同品种的玉米种子质量的影响，进而找出影响玉米种子形态、质量的主要 生态因素，为玉米制种基地的合理选择以及玉米杂交种的生产提供依据。主要研究结果 如下： 在种子的千粒重方面：甘肃的大于新疆的，新疆的大于山东的,千粒重差异极显著。 容重表现为：新疆生产的浚单 20、郑单 958 大于甘肃的，甘肃生产的先玉 335 大于新疆 的，山东生产的三个品种的容重最低。比重表现为：浚单 20 新疆的大于山东的，甘肃 最低，差异极显著；郑单 958 新疆的大于甘肃的，甘肃的大于山东的，先玉 335 甘肃的 最大，新疆的次之，山东的最低。体积表现为：甘肃与新疆生产的浚单 20 的体积存在 极显著的差异；新疆与山东生产的郑单 958 存在的极显著的差异。 在种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数方面：甘肃比其他两个地区的都高， 活力指数在甘肃的方差最低，最为稳定；三个品种的单株鲜重、单株苗长都为甘肃的最 高，新疆次之，山东的最低，在甘肃的方差最低，最为稳定；三个品种的单株根长为甘 肃最高，新疆次之，山东的最低，在甘肃的方差最低，最为稳定；从不同生态区收集的 各个样品之间净度和水分不存在显著差异。 本试验研究表明：影响玉米种子形态和质量的主要生态因素为昼夜温差、日照时数 和有效积温。综合分析结果表明：在甘肃生产的种子的物理形态和质量指标均优于其它 两个制种基地，其次为新疆，玉米生产杂交种时，甘肃为较理想的制种基地。 关键词：玉米，杂交种，生态区，形态指标，种子质量 不同生态条件对玉米种子质量的影响 Effect of different ecological areas on the quality of corn hybrid seeds Abstract The differences of the maize seed quality from different ecological zones were cooperated for three maize hybrids. The ecological influence factors on maize seed morphology and quality were analyzed. The results would be helpful to the selection of the production area. The main results are as follows: Thousand grain weight were significantly different among three areas，seeds in Gansu province were more heavy than in Xinjiang province, larger than in Shandong province. There was significant difference for bulk density among three provinces. Bulk density in province Xinjiang was larger than in Gansu province, in Gansu province larger than in Shandong province. There were significantly different for seed germination percent、germination energy、 germination index and vigor index among three provinces, which of seeds produced in Gansu were larger than in Xinjiang, in Xinjiang larger than in Shandong. The order of fresh weight per seeding and shoot length per seeding of three varieties was as follows: in Gansuin Xinjiang in Shandong. There is no significant difference among seeds collected from different ecological zones about