不同训练手段对广东省女子击剑运动员身体机能的影响-体育学;运动人体科学专业论文.docxVIP

英文缩略词 Hb hemoglobin 血色素 CK Creatine Kinase, 肌酸激酶 BUN Blood Urea Nitrogen 血尿素氮 T Testosterone 睾酮 C cortisol 皮质醇 Percentage of Body Fat 体脂百分比 Lean body Mass 瘦体重 PT Peak Torque 峰力矩 PT/BW peak torque to body weight ratio 相对峰力矩 TW/BW Total Work to Body Weight ratio 相对总功 AP Average Power 平均功率 ICC intraclass correlation coefficient 组内相关系数 Agonist to Antagonist Torque Ratio 主动肌与拮抗肌力矩比 II II 摘要 本研究将 14 名广东省女子击剑运动员分为两组，其中一组施以体能训练 为主训练手段，另一组以专项训练为主，其间使用血液生理生化指标（血色素、 血清肌酸激酶、血尿素氮、睾酮、皮质醇）对训练过程进行监测，使用体成分 及等速测力相关指标对训练效果进行评价，比较两种训练手段的优劣之处，得 出结论如下： 1.两种训练方式都对受试者形成了有效刺激，且均未造成过度训练，相较 之下，体能为主训练对受试者刺激强度更大； 2.两种训练方式都可有效增加受试者的瘦体重，专项训练为主训练方式在体 脂百分比的控制上不及体能训练为主的训练方式； 3.体能组训练计划主要改善了受试者双侧膝关节屈肌群功能，对伸膝肌群 的改善不明显；专项组训练计划主要改善了受试者持剑侧屈伸肌群，对非持剑 侧的影响不明显； 4.体能组受试者在训练前后双侧踝关节背屈肌群功能得到了显著改善，而 专项组训练计划似乎对踝关节肌肉功能的作用不大； 5.体能组训练计划主要改善了受试者双侧髋关节屈伸肌群功能，对伸肌群 改善尤为明显；专项组训练计划主要改善了受试者持剑侧屈伸肌群，对非持剑 侧的影响不明显。 关键词：女子击剑运动员；训练手段；监测；评价 ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of different types of training programs. Fourteen healthy trained female fencers，all members of the Guangdong team participated in this study. The typical fencing training group （n=6）performed typical fencing training while the other group (n=7) performed a physical conditioning program. Selected blood biochemistry markers (hemoglobin, Creatine Kinase, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Testosterone, Cortisol) were measured every other week, the body composition and isokenitic parameters were measured before training and after the 3 months of training.The study results were concluded as following: Both the training programs could enhance the physiological effects of exercise stimulation and did not result in exercise induced overtaining，the physical conditioning training program was more effectively. Both the training programs could results in a significant improvement in lean body mass，the physical conditioning training program was more effectively in controlling the increase of percentage of body fat. The physical conditioning training program could