播期和密度对红壤旱地直播棉花产量及纤维品质影响.docVIP

播期和密度对红壤旱地直播棉花产量及纤维品质影响 　　摘要：考察了不同播期（4月10日、5月5日、6月1日）、不同密度（2.5、3.3、5.0株/m2）对红壤旱地直播棉花（Gossypium spp.）农艺、产量及纤维品质性状形成的影响。结果表明，在密度为5.0株/m2水平下，皮棉产量最高，纤维品质最好；晚播（6月1日）皮棉产量显著高于中播（5月5日），与早播（4月10日）差异不显著，3个播期对纤维品质的影响不显著；播期与密度的不同组合对皮棉产量、铃重、衣分、子指、纤维长度和伸长率均有显著影响，早播、晚播的高密度（5.0株/m2）组合皮棉产量较高，纤维品质以晚播高密度最好。表明当播期推迟到5月底或6月初，仍可通过加大密度实现棉花的高产优质。 　　关键词：棉花（Gossypium spp.）；红壤；播期；密度；皮棉产量；纤维品质 　　中图分类号：S562 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）03-0425-04 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.03.008 　　Effects of Planting Date and Plant Population Density on Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality in Upland Red Soil Region 　　LI Shun-xi， CHEN Gong， PENG Jin-jian， CHEN Lu-lu， GAO Chuan， TANG Fei-yu 　　（College of Agronomy， Jiangxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology， Ecology and Genetic Breeding， Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology， Ecology and Genetic Breeding， Nanchang 330045， China） 　　Abstract： The aim of this study was to determine the effects of planting date and plant densities on cotton yield and fiber quality in the Jiangxi red soil region. Plant densities of 2.5， 3.3， and 5.0 plants/m2 and three planting dates with 10 April， 5 May and 1 June were set. The results showed that the highest yield and the most superior fibers was got when plant densities of 5.0 plants/m2. Lint yield was significantly greater for late （1 June） than medium plantings （5 May）， but similar to early planting（10 April）. There were no plant date effects on lint quality. The effects on lint yield， boll weight， lint percentage， seed index， fiber length and elongation were statistically significant for the combinations of planting date and plant density. The combinations of 5 plant/m2 and 10 April， 1 June contributed to the highest yields. The fiber quality ranked first for the combination of 5 plant/m2 and 1 June. It is concluded that if planting is delayed to late April or early June， desirable yield and fiber quality would be achieved by employing a greater plant popul