有机无机肥配施对红花大金元烤烟产质量影响.docVIP

有机无机肥配施对红花大金元烤烟产质量影响 　　摘要用不同配比的沃土有机肥和烤烟专用复合肥作底肥,硝酸钾作追肥,测量烤烟生长数据,统计产量、产值,评价烟叶品质,探讨不同有机无机肥配施对烤烟品种红花大金元产量及品质的影响。试验结果表明,施用有机肥能使红花大金元烟叶化学成分更加协调,品质明显提高;从种植经济性考虑,在施用有机肥过程中应注意施氮量、施肥方式、追肥时间、有机肥提供的纯氮量占总氮量的比例。 　　关键词烤烟;红花大金元;有机无机肥;配施;产量;品质 　　中图分类号 S572;S147.5 文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)07-0054-03 　　 　　EffectsofCombinedApplicationofOrganicFertilizerandChemicalFertilizeronYieldandQualityof 　　Flue-curedTobaccoforHonghuadajinyuan 　　ZHANG Xiao-long 1,2PU Zheng-cai 3CHEN Fang-rui 4JIANG Mei-hong 2WANG Lan 2ZHENG Wu 2DENG Guo-bin 2 * 　　(1 School of Life Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091; 2 Yunnan Reascend Tobacco Technology(Group).CO.,LTD; 　　 3 Shilin Filiale of Kunming Tobacco Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company; 4 Hongyunhonghe Group Technology Centre) 　　AbstractEffect of combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobaccoforHonghuadajinyuan was studied. Different scales of organic fertilizer,the flue-cured tobacco special―purpose fertilize and potassium nitrate were mixed to employ in flue-cured tobacco,then the datas of growth,yield and quality were measured and stated. The results confirmed that the applications of organic fertilizer were superior to improve quality than the comparison,and the chemical compositions were apt in the upper leaf. Considering the economic aspect,the nitrogen application rate,fertilizer management,time of after fertilizer and the ratio of organic N should be concerned. 　　Key wordsflue-cured tobacco;Honghuadajinyuan;organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer;combining application;yield;quality 　　 　　在我国烤烟生产中,由于长期大量施用化肥,忽视有机肥的使用,造成土壤有机质含量下降,烟田土壤酸化、板结,烟叶营养比例失调,油分少,香气量不足,从而使烟叶产量和品质的提高受到了较大限制[1-3]。研究表明,有机肥与无机肥配施,可提高植烟土壤中的有机质含量[4-5],有利于烤烟的生长发育,提高烟株的抗病能力,改善烟叶香气质,增加烟叶香气量,且可以提高烟叶产量[6-10]。 　　红花大金元是云南主栽品种之一,其香气质好、清香型风格突出,并且工业可用性较好。但因病害较多,种植、烘烤技术难度较大,其种植面积逐渐减少。针对红花大金元品种市场需求量大、品质要求高这一现状,已经有不少研究在土壤和施肥等因素上对其关键种植技术给出了建议[11-12]。其中,童荣昆等[13]专门对昆明市及其所属各县“红大”种植区域内的土壤养分状况做了化验分析和评定,并提出了相应的施肥对