母婴同室新生儿皮肤感染及环境相关因素分析.docVIP

母婴同室新生儿皮肤感染及环境相关因素分析 　　【摘要】 目的：对本院产科母婴同室新生儿皮肤感染及其环境相关因素（包括母婴同室病房空气、物体物品表面、医务人员手及鼻腔）进行取样调查，分析新生儿皮肤感染的环境因素，探讨降低母婴同室新生儿皮肤感染的措施。方法：前瞻性对2015年1-12月本院产科病房进行定期取样，包括病房空气、物体物品表面、医护人员手及鼻腔，标本进行细菌分离和菌株鉴定。同期对新生儿皮肤感染取样后进行细菌培养及菌株鉴定。结果：2015年母婴同室新生儿皮肤感染率为1.93%，金黄色葡萄球菌感染占25.0%。环境中金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率为19.7%，其中耐甲氧西林菌株金黄色葡萄球菌（methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus，MRSA）?z出率为5.3%。医护人员鼻腔样本金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA的检测阳性率明显高于手样本（P0.001）。结论：金黄色葡萄球菌是新生儿皮肤感染主要的致病菌，重视环境中金黄色葡萄球菌及MRSA的带菌情况，加强医护人员手及鼻腔卫生的监管，可有效降低带菌率。 　　【关键词】 新生儿皮肤感染； 环境因素； 金黄色葡萄球菌； MRSA 　　Related Environmental Factors on Neonatal Skin Infection in Maternal-Neonatal Unit/SHI Wei，LI Yanping，MA Xiuhua.//Medical Innovation of China，2018，15（08）：074-077 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the influence of environmental factors on neonatal skin infection in maternal-neonatal unit so as to explore the measures to reduce neonatal skin infection in maternal-neonatal unit.Method：A prospective study on the relationship of neonatal skin infection with environmental factors were evolved from January to December 2015.The samples of air in ward，surface of object，hands and nasal cavity were obtained for bacterial isolation and strain identification.The sample of neonatal skin infection was obtained for bacterial culture and strain identification.Result：In 2015，neonatal skin infection rate in maternal-neonatal unit was 1.93%.The major pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus（25.0%）.The carrier rates in environment of Staphylococcus aureus was 19.7% and MRSA was 5.3%.The carrier rates of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in nasal cavity samples were significantly higher those on the hands（P0.001）.Conclusion：The major pathogens of neonatal skin infection in maternal-neonatal unit is Staphylococcus aureus.We should attaches great importance to Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in environment.The carrier rates can be reduced by strengthening the education to the medical staff on hands and nasal cavity health. 　　【Key words】 Neonatal skin infection； Environmental factor； Staphyl