苯选择加氢制环己烯-物理化学专业论文.docxVIP

华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II Abstract Cyclohexene is an importaint organic synthetic intermediate and raw chemical material，which has broad applications in medicine, pesticide, dye, washes, dynamite, feedstuff, polyester, and other fine chemicals. Till now, selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene is the best method to obtain cyclohexene. In this paper, through the summary of literatures we point out that the mass transfer is one of the key factors in selective hydrogenation of benzene. And the difference of solubility between benzene and cyclohexene in water is the key to achieve selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene. The adsorption of water on the surface of solid catalyst formed a water layer, which can accelerate the adsorption of cyclohexene from the active catalytic sites due to much lower solubility of cyclohexene in water. So the key to promote the selectivity of cyclohexene is to improve the hydrophilicity of the catalyst. Therefore, the crystal formation, the particle diameter and the porous structures of the catalyst et al, are the important factors that can influence the result of selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene. The aim of this paper is to prepare a ruthenium catalyst with high selectivity and activity, and to explore the different preparation methods and conditions on the influence of the catalyst. Impregnation method, precipitation method and chemical reduction method all were used to prepare ruthenium catalyst. We explored the influences of the low alcohols organic additive, the pretreatment, KBH4 reduction conditions and the supports on the performance of the catalyst and tried to determine the best preparation and reaction conditions of the catalyst. Zirconia supported nano ruthenium catalyst was prepared by reducing ruthenium chloride, and gave a conversion of 66% and a selectivity of cyclohexene over 65%. We found that the monoclinic zirconia can significantly enhance the the selectivity of the catalyst, which