背包载荷对中学生步态的影响-体育教学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 本文通过研究中学生不同背包载荷下的步态差异，分析步态载荷对中学生步 行时步态的影响，为中学生上学背包（书包）载荷的合理性提供理论依据。 实 验运用步态测试设备（Zebris FDM 步态分析系统）对 11 名平均年龄(14.2±0.40) 岁、平均身高（170.4±3.27）Cm 和平均体重（60.7±8.03）Kg 的男性中学生 （初三年级）进行不同背包载荷（自然步态、5.0 Kg、5.5 Kg 、6.0 Kg 、6.5 Kg、7.0 Kg、7.5 Kg 和 8.0 Kg）状态下赤足步行时的步态测试，比较八种情况 下的步态参数，找出不同载荷下的步态特征与自然步态特征之间的差异，分析 引起这种差异的原因。分析表明：（1）随着载荷的增加，步行时步长、跨步长、 步态周期都有上升的趋势，但它们之间的差异没有显著性意义。（2）随着载荷 的增加，步行时步长时间在某一值有差异，但影响不大。（3）随着载荷的增加， 步行时支撑相和双支撑相都有上升的趋势，它们之间的差异有显著性意义；摆 动期有下降的趋势，它们之间差异有显著性意义。（4）随着载荷的增加，步行 时步频、步速都有上升的趋势，但它们之间的差异没有显著性意义。由此可见， 在本实验中选取的载荷对中学生的步态产生了一些影响，过大的背包载荷易造 成肌肉、关节损伤，不利于身体生长发育，建议中学生背合理重量的书包，或 采用其他手拖箱书包。 关键词：中学生 背包载荷 步态 时空参数 影响 II II ABSTRACT Under this article by middle school students study different backpack load difference of gait, gait analysis of load effect on walking gait when middle school students, for students in school backpacks (bags) loads provide the theoretical basis of rationality. Experimental application gait test device (Zebris FDM gait analysis system) on 11 name average age (14.2 ± 0.40) aged, and average height (170.4 ± 3.27) Cm and average weight (60.7 ± 8.03) Kg of male middle school students (junior grade) for different backpack load (natural gait, and 5.0 Kg, and 5.5 Kg, and 6.0 Kg, and 6.5 Kg, and 7.0 Kg, and 7.5 Kg and 8.0 Kg) State Xia barefoot walk Shi of gait test, comparison eight species situation Xia of gait parameter, find different load Xia of gait features and natural gait features Zhijian of differences, analysis caused this differences of causes. Analysis shows that: (1) as the load increases, step when walking, cross-step, gait cycle has an upward trend, but the differences between them have significant meaning. (2) as the load increases, step when walking time value in a different, but has little effect. (3) as the load increases, walking support and bi-support phase is when there is an upward trend, their differences have significant meaning swing a downward trend in the period, the difference between them has significant meaning. (4)