变化环境下海口市降雨时空分布特征研究-水利水电工程专业论文.docxVIP

total precipitation and every grade precipitation occur in rainy season (May to October). In recent 43 years, light rainfall, heavy rainfall, torrential rainfall and annual total rainfall are all tending to focus on the rainy season and the tendency of torrential rainfall is particular obvious, which shows that an increasing number of strong rainfall events occur in rainy season in the main urban area and flood and waterlogging disaster is more likely to occur in this period. The annual rainfall gradually decreases from southeast to northwest. Since 1970, the annual precipitation in southeast region presents an obvious trend of rising whose maximum rate is 8.5mm/year, while in central region there is an obvious downward trend which decreases 5.5mm every year at most. For most areas of the city, torrential rainfall has a trend to increase and precipitation for other grade tends to decrease. The uneven degree of precipitation mainly rise s in Haikou, and the tendency of annual precipitation concentrating in rainy season is more obvious in the main urban area and the southeast area. Moreover, extreme precipitation indices including maximum 1-day precipitation, maximum 3-day precipitation, maximum 5-day precipitation and maximum 7-day precipitation are mainly on the rise, and the rising tendency is also more obvious in the main urban area and the southeast area. Urbanization does not make Haikou apparent ―rain island effect‖, but it exacerbates the uneven degree of precipitation distribution in a year. After 1990, the contribution of precipitation in rainy season to annual precipitation increases by 5.6% in the main urban area and the proportion of torrential rain increases more significantly. So the probability of occurrence of extreme precipitation events increases in the main urban area. Besides, the variation coefficient of maximum 1-day precipitation increases by 0.14 in the main urban area, which will affect the standard of existing and planne