反重力铸造设备过程控制及人机交互界面设计-材料加工工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 反重力铸造技术是一种先进的特种铸造技术，对铸件性能有明显的改善作用, 尤其适合大型复杂薄壁铸件的铸造,具有广阔的发展前景。 本文首先对反重力铸造设备的电气部分进行设计，包括控制核心的选用和电 气元件的连接，并确定了反重力铸造的控制变量，为反重力铸造成形过程控制的 实现提供了硬件基础。 下 位机程序 编写 采用 西门子公 司的 S7-200 系列 PLC，运 用与其配 套的 STEP7-Micro/WIN SP6 编程软件，使用梯形图和编程语言两种方式编制了下位机 的控制程序，来控制设备完成工艺流程控制，数据处理和输出控制等过程。 上位机根据反重力铸造的特点，利用组态软件 KingView 设计了反重力铸造 装备上位机人机交互界面，利用组态软件设计了参数设置、过程监控、故障定位 和系统动画等人性化动态操作画面，实现了良好的人机交互。 从理论上分析了反重力铸造过程，得到了广义被控对象的模型。并以此模型 为基础，在 Matlab 的 Simulink 利用 Ziegler-Nichols 方法对 PID 参数进行了整定， 最后进行热调试验。试验结果表明:系统运行可靠，控制精度高，曲线跟踪性能 良好。 关键词：反重力铸造；控制系统；PLC；人机交互；PID Abstract Counter-gravity casting technology is an advanced special casting techniques, It can improve the casting performance significantly, especially for large, complex thin-walled castings, and it has broad development prospects. Firstly the electric part of the counter-gravity casting equipment is designed, including the selection of control system and the connection of the control components, the control variables of the anti-gravity casting is also designed. The equipment uses STEP7-Micro/WIN SP6 ， Provided with two kinds of Programing languages，STL and LAD，to build the Program for Siemens PLC S7-200. The control system can finish process control,data proeessing and out put control according to the technological requirement. According to the characteristics of counter-gravity casting , the human capital institut interface of the counter-gravity casting is designde by using KingView software. including param etersetting frame，proeess monitor frame and fault location frame. After acquiring the rough model of the system by analyzing the work principle， the system gives the accurate mathematical models. Production and practice indicates that the multifunctional counter-gravity casting control system researched in this paper has following advantages:works reliably,control precision is high and track effect is good.Castings produced by counter-gravity casting equipment with this control system have goodmetallurgy quality