从日本经验透析中国应对中美贸易摩擦对策-国际贸易学专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: F740.4 U.D.C: 339.5.053 Thesis for the Master Degree in Economics ANALYZING CHINA’S STRATEGY CHOICES AGAINST CHINA-AMERICA TRADE CONFLICTS THROUGH JAPANESE EXPERIENCES Candidate: Supervisor: Associate Supervisor: Academic Degree Applied for: Speciality: Affiliation： Date of Defence: Degree-Conferring-Institution : Meng Xiangzhi Prof. Akira Kojima Prof. Feng Zhaokui Master of Economics International Trade School of International Relations of Economics and Trade July,2006 Harbin Institute of Technology 摘 要 随着世界经济一体化进程的加快，各国经贸关系日益加深，同时贸易摩 擦也日益增加。2004 年，中国的进出口总额达 11547.9 亿美元，成为世界第 三大贸易国，并带动世界经济 10%的增长。随着中国 对外贸易的快速增 长，中国已经进入了贸易摩擦的多发阶段。其中中美的贸易摩擦最为突出， 而目前中美之间的情形与 20 世纪 70 至 80 年代日美的贸易摩擦极其相似， 日本在这二十年中对外贸易飞速发展，日本制造的产品遍布全球，同时日美 在纺织品、汽车、家电机电产品等方面贸易摩擦也不断增加。每当日美贸易 摩擦激化之时，日本总能采取灵活对策，避免贸易摩擦的升级，最大限度地 保护本国利益。因此，对比日美和中美两国贸易摩擦，把日本经验借为己 用，是中国应对中美贸易摩擦的一条捷径选择。 本文首先对日美贸易摩擦进行了系统研究，按照摩擦焦点的不同，把日 美贸易摩擦分为微观、宏观、投资、制度摩擦四个阶段，并针对每一阶段日 本采取的对策及其效果进行评价，同时总结出日美贸易摩擦的动因和特点； 其次采用类似的办法对中美贸易摩擦的现状进行分析。在大量的统计数据基 础上，通过宏观描述与微观对比相结合的方法，对中日遭受来自美国的贸易 摩擦的原因和特点进行比较，为了力求全面，本文加以其他因素比较作为补 充。最后，本文在总结日本经验教训基础上，提出了适合中国国情的独特的 应对中美贸易摩擦的对策。 关键词 日本与美国；贸易摩擦；自愿出口限制；贸易逆差 Abstract With the rapid development of the economic globalization, the trade relationships among countries have been strengthened increasingly but trade conflicts happen increasingly as well. In 2004, the amount of Chinese trade rose to 1154.79 billion dollars, which makes China the third largest trade country and that drives the world economy up by 10%. When Chinese export trade develops fast, China has come into the period of frequent trade conflicts. Among these trade conflicts, China-America trade conflicts are the most prominent ones. They are of similar to those between Japan and America from 1970 to 1980, when Japanese trade developed very fast and its product could be found all over the world. At that time, Japan-America trade conflicts increased rapidly in textile, automobile, home electric appliances and so on. Every time the conf