从春秋战国时期的传播活动解读传播对文化的建构作用-新闻学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 传播的功能历来是传播学研究的重要内容之一 ，我们通常沿用的是拉斯韦尔 的“三功能说 ”，即监测环境、协调社会、传递遗产，后来社会学家赖特又补充 了传播的娱乐功能 。其实传播的功能并不 是固定不变的 ，而是一个不断发展的动 态过程 ，传播活动不仅仅传承了文化 ，同时它还创造了文化 ，或者说在文化的建 构过程中发挥着不可忽视的重要作用。 为了证明这一论点 ，我们把眼光放到了两 千多年前的春秋战国时代 ，这一时 期是我国传统文化的成型期 ，同时也形成 了我国传播活动的第一个高潮 。当时官 学衰微 ，私学兴盛 ，识字人数大 量增加 ，加之动荡的政治局面 ，各国统治者都励 精图治 ，提倡改革以壮国威 ，在这种语境下 ，有志之士满怀报国之志 ，游走在各 诸侯国间 ，力图实现自己的政治抱负 ，或游说诸侯或广纳门徒或著书立说 ，传播 活动可谓盛况空前 。并且这一时期还 有“一人一事 ”可作当时传播活动的最好注 释：一人即一代传播大师---孔子，一事即百家争鸣，所以，我们认为当时的文 化和传播活动之间必定有着某种必然的联系。 我们对春秋战国时期的文化进行了梳理 ，并在先人的典籍著述中简要归纳出 了那个时代的传播活动与传播思想 ，由此 得出传播活动不仅是传递文化 、传承文 明的重要力量 ，而且还是建构文化的重要 力量这一结论 。从而有助于我们在对外 传播中不断的优化传播策略，提高传播效果，扩大文化影响力。 关键词：春秋战国;传播;文化;建构 Abstract The function of communication is always the key parts in the study of communication. We often use Harold Dwight Lasswell’s three effect theory, environment supervision, society balance, heritage transferring. Later sociologist Wright added entertainment function in the communication study. In fact the function of communication is not fixed, but keeps developing. We think that communication transfers not only culture but also culture, that is to say, it plays a very crucial role in the construction of culture. In order to improve this thought, we look back to period of spring and autumn and warring states of two thousand years ago. We focus on this period because our traditional culture is formed during this term. In the same time, communication actions came to an upsurge. This time municipal school faded, private school boosted, people with reading ability accumulated, and political environment was unsteady, leaders of each state all tried their best to manage the country. Under this kind of situation, many intellects wanted to do something for their country in order to accomplish their political dream, and they persuaded leaders to fulfill their ideas or teach students or write books, the communication action was significant. We should pay attention to “One man and One thing ’, one man is Confucius, one thing is hundred thinkers’ discussio