铁路罐车封头冲压成形的研究.docVIP

铁路罐车封头冲压成形的研究 　　摘要： 为保证某型铁路罐车封头冷冲压成形质量，设计了具有圆形拉延筋、矩形拉延筋和不设置拉延筋3种结构形式的拉延模具型面；使用有限元方法，对3种模具结构形式下封头的冲压成形过程进行模拟分析，对比了封头起皱趋势、 成形回弹和料厚变化等模拟结果，并根据仿真结果选择合理的模具结构形式进行了试验.研究结果表明：采用矩形拉延筋进行封头冲压成形，能更有效的避免封头出现起皱、鼓包等成形缺陷，而且成形后回弹量较小；矩形拉延筋模具冲压试验所得封头无成形缺陷，测得封头最小料厚为9.6 mm，最大料厚为10.5 mm，与模拟结果基本一致；采用矩形拉延筋模具进行该型封头冷冲压成形是有效的. 　　关键词： 罐车封头；冷冲压；拉延筋；有限元模拟 　　中图分类号： TG306文献标志码： AStampForming of Heads of Railway Tank CarsLUO Zhengzhi1，ZENG Jing2，HUANG Liebing3，QIN Shengmou4 　　（1. School of Mechanical Engineering， Southwest Jiaotong University， Chengdu 610031， China； 2. Traction Power State Key Laboratory， Southwest Jiaotong University， Chengdu 610031， China； 3. Research Centre， Chongqing Bei Ben HeavyDuty Truck Co. Ltd.， Chongqing 401329，China； 4. Chongqing CISDI Engineering Supervision Co. Ltd.， Chongqing 400013， China） 　　Abstract：In order to ensure the cold stamping quality of railway tank car heads， die surfaces with three different types of draw bead structures at the die entrance， including round draw bead， rectangular draw bead and no draw bead， were designed for the head stamping process. Then， the head stamping processes for the three types of die entrances were simulated using the finite element method. The simulation results were analyzed and compared in terms of wrinkles， springback， and thickness variation. On this basis， a reasonable die structure was selected and manufactured for stamping experiments. The result shows that the die entrance with rectangular draw bead could effectively avoid wrinkles and blowups， and has a smaller spring back. The stamping experiment results with the rectangular draw bead indicate that the stamped heads has no defects； the minimum thickness is 9.6 mm， and the maximum thickness is 10.5 mm， which consist with the computational results. Therefore， adopting the die with rectangular draw bead for cold stamping of railway tank car heads is effective. 　　Key words：tank car heads； cold stamping； draw bead； finite element simulation 　　铁路罐车封头是罐体的主要承力部件，其力学