浅述原型分类理论.docVIP

浅述原型分类理论 　　摘 要：国内语言学界利用原型理论阐释语义范畴的研究主要包括:语义范畴的描写、语义模糊的探究、一词多义模式的描写、语义演变的分析等,近几年也出现了对原型理论的反证。 　　关键词：原型分类理论；语义分类 　　 　　The discussion on the prototype categorical theory 　　Hu Xuehong 　　（Anhui University of Science and Technology, 232001) 　　Abstract: it seems that our cognitive system for categorization is not like an in or out filing cabinet, but an arrangement of elements in a radical structure or network with central good examples, secondary poorer examples, and peripheral examples. 　　Key words: prototype categorical theory; categorization 　　 　　The process of peoples cognition to the external objects includes the categorization of the input information. The so-called categorization is the judgments on the objects, the classification and the naming of them. Due to these categories, we can have a clear recognition and knowledge about an object. The category theory obtains a full development after the classical category theory and the prototype theory. 　　The reference and the application of the classical category by Aristotle have been 2500 years in history. It indeed does a great contribution to the development of the human psychological cognition. Because of that theory, people dont treat the objects as the random and disorder compound, instead as the objects to be discomposed and analyzed. That is to say, the objects can be classified into different categories. Although, this theory has been prevalent for so long time, there are some problems indeed. The classical categorical theorys main principles are: firstly, a category is to be set upon a series of the so-called necessary and sufficient conditions. Secondly, it defines the concrete boundary for a category. Thirdly, the characteristics of the category are dichotomous. At last, all the members in the category have to be provided with the same categorical features. 　　The characteristics which appear in high frequency help to establish a category at last. However, these characteristics dont become the n