低价钒氧化物复合材料的制备及其电化学性能-材料科学与工程专业论文.docx

万方数据 万方数据 Abstract Rechargeable lithium batteries (LIBs) and supercapacitors(SCs) have attracted intensive attentions due to the ever increasing market for electrochemical devices with advanced energy conversion and storage performance. In order to meet the requirements of various new emerging device, the next generation of LIBs and SCs are expected to not only own high capacity performance, but also perform an excellent cycling stability and a high rate ability, significant research challenges and opportunities exist for the design and fabrication of anode electrode materials, which play a crucial part in enhancing of the whole lithium cell. Act as electrode materials to replace the traditional graphite, vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) and vanadium dioxide (VO2) has attracted much attention recently because of its high capacity, broad potential windows, layer structure beneficial to embed into ion. However, because of the intrinsic low conductivity, the V2O3 and VO2 suffer from poor rate capability which greatly limits its further application. To V2O3 and VO2 coated with conductive carbon can overcome these disadvantages and improved the rate performance. In additional, formation a semi-hollow nanocomposites such as yolk-shell, peapod structure can release the large volume changes resulting from the charge/discharge process and improve cycling stability. The main research contents are as follows: Fabrication peapod-like V2O3@C ultralong namowire heterostructure with internal void spacewas carried out by annealing the V3O7 ? H2O@C nanowires core/shell nanostructure in an inert gas. Such particular peapod-like V2O3@C heterostructure can release volumetric expansion during the Li+ insertion/extraction, and resuting in excellent cycle stability. The outer coating carbon long nanotube also provides a fast transfer channel of lithium ion and the rate performance. VO2 nanobelt sheet coated by graphene nanocompsites was prepared by hydrothermal method with V2O5 and gr