高二学生空间想象能力对物质结构与性质学习影响的初步研究-课程与教学论·化学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要空『自J想象能力作为一种与几何学习密切相关的能力，在高中化学的学习中，特别 摘要 空『自J想象能力作为一种与几何学习密切相关的能力，在高中化学的学习中，特别 是物质结构与性质的学习中，其作用同样不容忽视。在文献研究的基础上，提出了空 间想象能力包括三个方面：空间表象的积累、对已有空间表象的心理操作和建立新立 体模型。采用改编的ROT测试调查了高二学生空间想象能力，采用自编的物质结构 与性质测试调查了学生的学习情况，．并对两个测试成绩进行了相关分析。同时，选择 典型个案的作业进行跟踪分析，以探明空间想象能力的三个方面对物质结构与性质学 习过程的影响。 调查结果表明，高二学生的空间想象能力总体上呈正态分布，男生的空间想象能 力水平优于女生，且ROT测试结果与该模块测试结果之间存在显著相关。个案跟踪 结果表明：学生头脑中积累的空间表象有利于分子结构与性质知识的学习；已有空间 表象的心理操作水平影响学生理解晶体常识；建立新立体模型的能力会影响四种类型 晶体的学习。 最后，指出在该模块教学中，教师应充分利用各种教学资源、加强学科协作和增 加练习机会，帮助学生积累丰富的空间表象，从而提高该模块的学习效果。 关键词：空间想象能力ROT物质结构与性质 AbstractThe Abstract The Spatial Imagination Ability is very important in studying the Structure and Properties of Material as in studying geometry．On the basis of literatures，three aspects of the Spatial Imagination Ability are developed,including accumulating spatial image， operating the spatial image and establishing new three-dimensional model．The Spatial Imagination Ability of high-school senior of grade 2 is investigated by the reorganized ROT．The test of the Structure and Properties of Material is designed to investigate students’learning capabilities．The correlation between two tests is analyzed．In order to find out how the three aspects of Spatial Imagination Ability influence the learning progress，typical students are selected as the case study． The results of tests indicate that the students’Spatial Imagination Ability is the normal distribution and significant gender difference，and there is significant correlation between the two tests．Case study results suggest the accumulated spatial image will help students learning the Structure and Properties of Molecular，operating the spatial image will influence crystal knowledge studying，and establishing new three-dimensional model will improve the four kinds of crystal studying． Finally，different kinds of teaching resources，the cooperation of different disciplines and practice opportunities should be paid attention to promoting the learning effect． Keywords：Spatial Imagination Ability ROT Str