zncdse和nip纳米体系的xafs研究核科学与技术专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 屉c结构的镍品格扭曲和膨胀，Ni．Ni第一近邻配位的键长约增加0．03 A。随着磷 含量的增加，膨胀和扭曲加剧，当x达到14左右时，样品的．弦c．Ni晶格被完全 破坏，从而形成非晶态NiP合金。X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)的结果表明，低 磷含量(戈≤10)时Niloo-xPx样品的电子结构没有明显的变化，随着磷含量的增加， Ni印态的分布变得宽化和越来越弥散。而当x达到26时，有大量电荷从Ni原 子转移到P原子。 关键词：X射线吸收精细结构 生长机理非晶态合金 ll ABSTRACTABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The main content in this dissertation iS fol lows： 1．In-situ XAFS studies the growth of ZnldCdJSe quantum dots We have developed time resolved XAFS method aiming at the study ofgrowth progress of materials in solution by utilizing‘a flow reactor and synchrotron radiation．By utilizing this method and QXAFS technology,the growth mechanism of L·glutathione capped Znl吖Cd／Se quantum dots(QDs)obtained from the aqueous synthesis method is in situ studied as model system．Detailed analysis of the Se K-edge EXAFS data reveals that the growth of ZnSe QDs from aqueous synthesis undergoes a fast nucleation process and then a slow growth stage，which follows Ostwald ripening mechanism．The ZnSe QDs are compressively strained to decrease the surface energy then to minimize the total free energy，and the contraction of Se．Zn bond relaxes with time．After doping with Cd，the bond length of the first shell in QDs increases compared to ZnSe QDs，and the structural disorder of ZnI。CdJSe QDs increases with the reaction time．This shows the promising capability of in situ XAFS to investigate the growth process of nano—materials synthesize by chemical solution method． 2·X’ray absorption spectrum studies on structural evolution ofNi 100．0x alloys X。ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)and x-ray diffraction(XRD)were utilized to investigate the atomic and electronic structures of Ni 100-xPx alloys with different P contents prepared by chemical reduction method．Their catalytic properties are characterized by the reaction of benzene hydrogenation．Relationship between the P content and properties has been established．The results show that as x=1 0．the doped P element leads to expansion and distortion ofthe Nifcc lattice in NiP