亚洲香菇系统发育学地位的重新评估与遗传多样性分析微生物学专业论文.docxVIP

球Lentinula群体“起源于南太平洋岛屿”的论断不成立．我们用两种猜想来 球Lentinula群体“起源于南太平洋岛屿”的论断不成立．我们用两种猜想来 解释现有的遗传格局，一种认为东半球Lentinula属群体先在亚洲出现，后经 水流、风力或动物的迁徙等作用逐步向南扩散到了南太平洋岛屿，或者由于 扩散时的自然选择，或者由于后天进化中的适应，使得巴一澳和新西兰群体 的遗传信息相对单一，从而形成现在的遗传格局：另一种认为：￡en砌“抽属 群体或许在很早以前就已经普遍分布。此后，它的不同地区群体的遗传信息 由于自然选择、地理隔离等因素作用，逐步进化成了现在的格局。在这个进 化过程中，刚好巴一澳、新西兰群体与中国西北、西南群体的进化取向一致， 导致它们现在具有相近的遗传信息．核苷酸多样度的大小以及边缘菌株的存 在较为支持第一种猜想． 亚洲谱系的地缘关系分析显示，亚洲范围内的Lentinula群体的分布存在 东与西，南与北的区别，它们的演化与地理，气候和森林覆盖等自然条件密 切相关． Lentinula属的自然资源保护的重点区域是中国西南、西北、巴一澳和中 国东部沿海等多样性区域；与栽培香菇关系密切的种质资源的保护重点则在 亚洲。尤其是中国． 关键词：香菇亚洲群体系统发育分子钟多样性遗传距离基因流 6 AbstractFor Abstract For the shortage of Asian examples in the reported Lentinula phylogenetic study with ITS(internal transcribed spacer)fragment of nuclear ribosome DNA,the ITS fragment of 60 isolates from 15 different provinces of China were sequenced． Phylogenetic study was performed with Cotlybia isolates弱the outgroup based on the 60 Chinese sequences and the 48 reported sequences，then the phylogenetie status of Asian population in the whole Lentinula population groups reappraised，and further, study of genetic structure and genetic diversity of Asian Lentinula population are estimated with population genetic method，Conclusions are as follows： I．Phylogenetic analysis： 1．Sequence characteristic：Alignment of 108 ITS sequences of Lentinula isolates and 7 Collybia isolates Was 900bp long，which contains 460 usable sites and 440 gaps and missing date sites，ahd nucleotide percentage of which are A=0．24412， T=0．36603，C=0．17852。G=0．21133．in the 460 usable sites，246 are Monomorphic sites，214 are polymorphic sites with 328 mutations．In the 214 polymorphic sites，72缸e singleton polymorphic sites with two variants，4 are singleton polymorphic sites with there variants，72 axe parsimony informative polymorphic sites with two variants，70 are parsimony informative polymorphic sites with three variants，4 are parsimony informative polymorphic sites with four variants． 2．Establishment of another Chinese popular group：One group reported