论弱势美国的成功外交.PDFVIP

27 3 Vol. 27 No. 3 2004 5 Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages May 2004 论弱势美国的成功外交 ) ) ) 美国建国 期 ( 1783- 1812) 争取有利国际环境的启示 许良才 ( , 471003) : 美国并不是天生的强者建国 期, 美国周边列强环伺, 海外贸易困难重重, 面临的国际环境十分险恶在 百废待兴国力孱弱的严峻形势下, 美国第一代外交家们纵横捭阖, 以实用主义思想为主导, 巧妙周旋于列强之间, 成功 实施了以孤立主义为主要内容的灵活外交政策, 为新生的美国赢得发展时间, 拓展生存空间, 奠定了美国稳步快速发展 的基础其成功经验对当代国家, 尤其是在国际环境中处于弱势地位的发展中国家亦具有重要的历史借鉴意义 : 美国; 外交政策; 孤立主义; 建国 期 : D871. 20 : A : 1002-722X (2004) 03-0109-04 A Weak U1S1 With a Successful Foreign Policy ) How the U1S. Struggled for an Advantageous International Environment During 1783- 1812 XU Liang-cai ( Department ix , PLA University of Foreign Languages, Luoyang, Henan Prov. , 471003, China) A stract: The United tates is not born strong . At the beginning of its independence, the U1 1A was faced wit h a challenging international environment, surrounded by great European pow ers and almost entirely excluded from international trade networks. The diplomatic forefathers balanced between the powers, making every effort to avoid wars and expanding American foreign trade. With t heir efforts, the United tates developed for three peaceful decades and greatly increased its strength. All these could serve as useful enlightenment for the developing countries of the contemporary era. Key words: United tates; foreign policy ; isolationism; beginning of t he American independence 1. , , , , , 1812 , ) ( WA P) / , , 0 , , / , 0 , ( 王晓德, 2002: 1776 , 87