江西猕猴桃属植物的分布、果实性状评价及其POD同工酶研究-果树学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要1．通过野外调查和查阅有关标本室收载的标本，发现江西省有猕猴桃属 摘要 1．通过野外调查和查阅有关标本室收载的标本，发现江西省有猕猴桃属 植物21种和11变种(变型)，其区系特征表现在：(1)种类比较丰富； (2)特有现象较明显；(3)多型性突出；(4)地理成分复杂，种的分 析显示出以中国特有分布为主的特点；(5)种间、种内分化较强烈； (6)与邻近地区猕猴桃属植物的关系密切。最后对江西猕猴桃属植物 的起源问题进行了初步地分析和推测。 2．通过对江西猕猴桃果实性状观测，营养成分分析和部分种的氨基酸含 量测定，发现江西猕猴桃属植物在果实形状、毛被程度、果皮颜色、 果肉颜色、果实风味等方面具有丰富的遗传多样性；并对江西猕猴桃 属植物中的一些优异种质的利用和保护问题进行了探讨。 3．采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术，分析了江西野生猕猴桃20个 种或变种的叶片POD同工酶，并运用相似关系R-链连接法进行了模 糊聚类分析。研究结果表明：(1)不同种间POD同工酶谱存在很大的 差异；(2)POD同工酶有阶段性和相对稳定性，可运用于猕猴桃属植 物的亲缘关系鉴定和初步分类；(3)模糊聚类反映了各分类群的亲缘 关系，与传统依据形态分类提及的亲缘关系大体一致；本研究将江西 猕猴桃属植物聚为4类，这与传统的分类方式并不一致，只有净果组 的几个种成为单一类群，其余种或变种相互混杂。因此，作者认为现 有的分类方法有待于进一步修订。 关键词：猕猴桃；江西；区系特征；果实性状；POD同工酶；模糊聚类； AbstractThe Abstract The paper aims at analyzing the flora ofActinidia from Jiangxi province by means of exploring in the wild field and looking up the samples from several related sample room． The results obtained are as follows：21 species and varieties of—ctinidia exist in the province；Jiangxi is rich in endemic species of the genus．28 species(including variedes)endemic to China are found in the province；Interspecific and intraspecific differentiation of Actinidia is very strong；ne geographical elements of the species is complex．Among them those of the species endemic to China are main element；Flora of Actinidia in Jiangxi is closely related to the border regions of Fujian，Zhejiang，Hunan and Guangdong；According to the distribution and systematic relationship of the species of Actinidia，it is concluded that the genus Actinidia may originate from Cathaysian ancient land． nle fruit characters of genus Actinidia from Jiangxi are determined and the nutritional constituents are analyzed．The results showed that the genus Actinidia endowed with genetic diversity in morphologJical characters and the nutritive constituents．Suggestion about germplasm resources pmtection and utilization a∞put forward． Peroxidase isoenzymes of leaves in 20 species or varieties ofActinidia were analysed by means of perpendicular-plate type of polyacry