轿车车内噪声仿真分析及优化-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘 要 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 运用声学有限元法对车内噪声进行仿真分析、预测与控制，是目前汽车低频噪声设 计的一项重要热点研究内容，目前国内在该领域的研究尚不成熟，成功应用实例较少。 论文结合某轿车新产品的开发，对车内噪声进行了分析预测和控制研究，为该车低频噪 声设计提供理论支持，提高了其车内噪声品质，并尝试探索出一套完善的车内噪声预测 分析与控制方法，为轿车的低频噪声研究提供有力的指导。 论文首先建立了该轿车白车身有限元模型、整车有限元模型、声腔的声学有限元模 型以及结构—声学耦合系统的有限元模型，利用结构有限元动态分析技术，对轿车白车 身有限元模型进行了动态特性分析，同时对轿车的白车身进行了模态试验分析，试验结 果与仿真分析结果对比表明：它们的误差在允许范围内，从而保证了所建有限元模型与 车身实际结构动力学特性相符，也验证了所建立的模型的正确性；然后论文中应用声学 有限元理论和软件，对声学有限元模型进行了声学特征分析，对结构—声学耦合系统的 有限元模型进行了动态特性分析；在此基础上，分析了整车结构—声学耦合系统在发动 机激励下汽车乘坐室的声学响应和汽车车身各个壁板的声学贡献，成功实现了对车内噪 声的预测和仿真；最后，根据汽车车身各个壁板声学贡献的分析结果，对车身结构进行 了优化设计。对比优化设计前后的结果表明各个测点的声压级均有所降低，改善了该车 车内噪声品质，证明了优化设计后的结构对该车车内噪声控制的有效性。 关键词：模态，结构—声学耦合，声学特性，声学响应，声学贡献 Ⅰ 重庆理 重庆理工大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT Applying acoustic FEM to analyze, forecast and control car interior noise is a research hot point. Domestic research in this field is immature and there are few successful instances. Combining the development of a new car, the analysis and forecast of car interior noise and control measures is attempted in the dissertation, which can provide theoretical support for car interior noise and improve the car interior noise quality and try to find out a complete forecast, analysis and control method so as to provide a systematic for low car interior noise. First, the finite element model of the body-in-white, the finite element model of car body, the acoustic finite element model of compartment cavity sound field and the structure-acoustic coupling finite element model of car body structure-compartment sound are built, applying the structure finite element dynamic analysis technology, the dynamic characteristics analysis is applied on the structure finite element model. In the meanwhile, the modal test of the body-in-while is carried through. Through the comparison between the test results and finite element analysis results, it can be found that the relative error is in the allowable range, and their mode shapes fit quite well. Thus the finite element modal can be guaranteed to be right and can reflect