静液叉车节能关键技术研究-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

A Study on Hydrostatic forklift energy saving research of key technology A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Ma Yangpan Supervisor：Prof. Yao Huaixin Chang’an University, Xi’an, China i i PAGE PAGE iv 摘 要 在物流仓储搬运的车辆设备中，叉车扮演着非常重要的角色，尤其是在狭小空间的 货物搬运。然而，叉车因为其工作的条件限制，需要不停地起步加速、举升下降货叉和 制动减速等动作，在这过程中存在着大量的能量损失。本文根据传统叉车的液压系统， 对其进行部分的改进优化，使之能够达到一定的节能效果。从而提高能量的利用效率。 文章主要从以下几点对其进行研究： (1) 分析国内外叉车的技术和发展情况，以及传统叉车的液压传动系统工作原理， 对叉车能量回收系统的设计提出合理性的要求。 (2) 根据叉车作业工况，指出其液压系统的能耗方式。通过对几种蓄能器的性能比 较，提出利用气囊式液压蓄能器来回收系统的能量。 (3) 综合叉车液压系统的各个参数的要求，对叉车举升装置和行走装置能量回收系 统所需主要元件进行合理的参数匹配计算。 (4) 制定详细的叉车工作装置和行走制动装置液压能量回收系统，分析该系统的能 量回收工作原理。 (5) 最后通过对设计的叉车工作装置和行走制动能量回收再利用系统模型的建立， 以及利用 AMESim 软件对其进行仿真，并通过 Matlab 软件对其结果进行数据处理。结 果表明：利用液压蓄能器回收叉车在运作过程中工作装置货叉下降的势能和行走系统的 液压制动能，可以在一定程度上减少发动机的功率输出，降低系统的能耗，达到节能减 排的效果。 关键词：叉车、节能、蓄能器、制动能、举升装置、AMESim 仿真 Abstract Logistics warehouse handling equipment in vehicles, forklifts plays a very important role, especially in a small space cargo handling. However, because of their conditions of work truck restrictions need to keep the initial acceleration, drop the fork lift deceleration and braking action, there is a large amount of energy loss in the process. Based on the traditional forklift hydraulic system, optimizing its part to improve, making it possible to achieve energy-saving effect. Thereby improving the efficiency of energy utilization. This paper mainly studied them from the following: Analysis of the technology and the development of the forklift truck at home and abroad, and the working principle of the traditional forklift hydraulic transmission system, the design of forklift energy recovery system to ask for rationality. According to the forklift operation condition, pointed out that the hydraulic system of energy consumption. Through the performance comparison of several kinds of accumulator, the paper puts forward using pneumatic hydraulic accumulator energy recovery system. Comprehensive requirements of the individual parameters of th