才女“越界”、声望竞赛与明清江南社会运行.pdfVIP

2015 年3 月 妇女研究论丛 March. 2015 第2 期 总第128期 Collection of Women爷s Studies No.2 Ser.No.128 才女“越界”、声望竞赛与明清江南社会运行* 张 杰 （南京航空航天大学 人文与社会科学学院，江苏 南京 211106） 关键词：才女群体；“越界”交往；声望竞赛；社会秩序运行 摘 要：明清江南社会出现了才女群体与男性士人交游的社会性别空间“越界”现象。与男性士人“越界”交往的才女群体得 到了江南社会的容忍和鼓励。明清江南社会的声望竞赛是才女群体“越界”交往这一历史现象得以出现的关键。才女群体的个 体才华，可以使得自身加入江南社会的文化网络,为家庭和男性士人赢得文化资本与社会资本，从而提升自身家庭与男性士人 在江南社会中的声望，而通过才女群体婚后对社会性别空间秩序的遵守，才女“越界”交往仅被定义为生命周期中的阶段性事 件，从而又保证了江南社会秩序的稳定运行。 中图分类号：D442.9 文献标识：A 文章编号：1004-2563（2015 ）02-0064-09 ZHANG Jie (SchoolofHumanities andSocialSciences,Nanjing UniversityofAeronautics andAstronautics, Nanjing211106,JiangsuProvince, China) talented women group; interaction of crossing gender boundaries; competition for reputation; the running of social order During Ming and Qing dynasties, in Jiangnan regional society, groups of talented women and educated men traveled together defying the boundaries of gender space and becoming a phenomenon tolerated by the local society. This paper suggests that such behavior was encouraged because of the rising competition among families for prestige and reputation. The talent of individual women allowed them a chance to join the cultured network of their community, win cultural capital and social capital for their families, and to help their families and men in their families enhance their social status in the local society. However, upon marriage, the talented women resumed their respect of the traditional gender space and thus, helped continue the stable operation of the social order. Their brief defiance of the tradition was only accepted as a periodical event in their life