课件：人性化小儿麻醉.pptVIP

2006：术后行为异常 27、术前焦虑和术后疼痛、术后行为异常之间的关系（术前 焦虑程度提升术后疼痛和术后行为异常的发生率） Kain ZN Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Pain and Behavioral Recovery in Young Children Undergoing Surgery. Pediatrics 2006;118:651-8,. 28、再一次分析PPIA，小儿分为焦虑小儿和冷静小儿，父母 分为焦虑父母和冷静父母，各组配对比较(焦虑的父母 提高冷静的小儿焦虑程度，冷静的父母降低焦虑的小儿 焦虑程度) Kain ZN, Predicting Which Children Benefit Most from Parental Presence During Induction of Anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2006;102:81-4. 2007：再次讨论术前用药 29、术前口服咪达唑仑的小儿镇静结果有差异，分析 那些无法良好镇静的小儿的性格、年龄和血液中 咪达唑仑代谢水平（结果年龄小、性格活泼和焦 虑程度高的小儿需要口服更大剂量的咪达唑仑） Kain ZNEffects of Age and Emotionality on the Effectiveness of Midazolam Administered Preoperatively to Children Anesthesiology. 2007; 107:545–52 This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology.” 2007：提出家庭中心手术准备 30、Kain教授在2007年提出的家庭中心手术准备 Anxiety reduction (减少小儿焦虑为目标) Distraction on the day of surgery （转移小儿注意力） Video modeling and education before the day of surgery Adding parents to the child’s surgical experience and promoting family-centered care (与父母沟通手术经验） No excessive reassurance （不需要过多的安慰） Coaching of parents by researchers to help them succeed Exposure/shaping of the child via induction mask practice 缩写为ADVANCE Zeev N. Kain Family-centered Preparation for Surgery Improves Perioperative Outcomes in Children Anesthesiology 2007; 106:65–74 This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology.” 2009：术前镇静用药（褪黑素） 研究背景：美国小儿术前镇静用药常规口服咪达唑仑糖浆 剂，不断有其他镇静药物的研究（可乐定、右 托美旋嘧啶、氯胺酮等） 25、小儿术前口服0.05 mg/kg、0.2 mg/kg或 0.4 mg/kg的 褪黑素与口服0.5 mg/kg的咪达唑仑比较（结果是褪黑 素效果不理想） Kain ZNPreoperative melatonin and its effects on induction and emergence in children undergoing anesthesia and surgery.Anesthesiology. 2009 Jul;111(1):44-9. This article is featured in “This Month in Anesthesiology.” 2010：家庭中心手术准备再讨论 Zeev N.