民国前期广东土匪研究-专门史专业毕业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要摘要 中文摘要 摘要 土匪是社会的畸形产物，是一种病态社会现象。土匪活动严重破坏社会肌体，与社会 文明格格不入。民国前期广东土匪活动猖獗，在时问、地域、规模、社会影响等方面都达 到了非常严重的程度。 土匪的产生和发展有着深刻的政治、经济和社会根源，是社会各种因素共同作用的结 果。辛亥革命失败后，广东陷入了政治混乱、军阀割据、兵连祸结的境地，人祸加上天灾， 使整个社会处于与无序状态。失地失业的农民急剧膨胀，为寻求基本生活保障，他们大量 地加入土匪队伍或自己拉杆结大帮；溃败哗变的士兵趁火打劫，军队土匪化。结果土匪数 量空前增加，土匪势力迅猛发展。 广东土匪基本脱离生产劳动过程，其生存与发展是建立在暴力掳掠之上的。土匪以集 团性的病态暴力行为疯狂地报复孕育它的母体，摧残了社会，催生了更多的土匪，在一定 程度上异化了社会价值观念。在失范无序的社会里，“以暴易暴”成为通行的法则，乱世 哲学大行其道，匪势更凶。 作为特殊的社会群体，广东土匪有自己的组织、规矩、语言以及财物分配方式等独特 的内部体系，这是土匪生存发展的客观需要。土匪的暴力活动，触及了社会的各个阶层， 作为非法的武装团体，必然要与政府发生直接的冲突。因此，治理匪患成为广东各属政府 的不能回避的问题，但在军阀混战、缺乏权威的社会里，官、兵、警、劣绅与土匪关系盘 根错节，互有利益需求，沆瀣一气，狼狈为奸。在这种社会背景下，广东各届政府无法认 清或者根本就不愿探究土匪问题的社会根源，不能从根本上改善社会环境。因此，治匪只 能是治标不治本，甚至连治标也办不到。 关键词广东土匪民国前期匪患 垒!坐型——Abstract 垒!坐型—— Abstract Bandits are the abnormal product and morbid phenomenon of society．Bandits’violence bring serious destruction to society．Guangdong witnessed the widely spread of bandits activities during the period from 1911 to 1927． Many social elements like social system，political situation and eConomic crisis are all to blame for the birth and grow of Guangdong bandits．The 1911 Revolution was immediately followed by social disorder due to wars among warlords and natural disasters．Peasants without land increased dramatically．Survival or death，many peasants joined the bandit group or organized one themselves．The defeated soldiers took advantages of the miserable situation and were more characterized by the nature of bandits than soldiers． Guangdong bandits lived not on their own work in field but violent pillage．Their morbid revenge wrecked the society in which they were bom．And more bandits along with distorted values consequently appeared．Violence for violence became a prevailing rule in a seriously troubled society． As a special social group，Gangdong bandits had，to meet the needs for survival and growth。 their organizations，rules，vocabulary and ways of distribution．Their violent performance hurt a11 the social stratum．As an illegal armed group，bandits were in direct conflict with