桑园土壤微生物多样性及其对多环芳烃复合污染的响应-生物化学与分子生物学专业论文.docxVIP

文 摘： 近年来，土壤的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染日益加重，这对土壤微生物多样性 构成了严重威胁。开展 PAHs 污染桑园土壤微生物多样性的研究，可对桑园土壤 的生物修复和生态桑园的建设提供依据。 本研究以某路域桑园土壤为研究对象，采用传统培养法、Biolog 检测法、 PLFAs 图谱分析法和 PCR-DGGE 技术，考察了受 PAHs 污染的桑园 3 个区域的 土壤微生物多样性及其对 PAHs 污染的响应。 3 个区域多环芳烃污染程度分析表明：区域 2＞区域 3＞区域 1。Biolog 分析 发现，碳源平均颜色变化率（AWCD）大小顺序为：区域 2＞区域 3＞区域 1； 统计分析结果表明，三个区域中 Shannon 指数、Shannon 均匀度和 Gini 指数差异 均达显著水平，区域 2 土壤微生物活性最强且群落结构最丰富，其次是区域 3 和区域 1。主成分分析显示，三个区域微生物群落的生理功能有明显差异，主要 表现在对糖类和氨基酸类物质的代谢上。冗余分析表明，区域 2 土壤微生物与多 环芳烃关系最密切，较多的多环芳烃更能激发桑园土壤微生物的生理活性，微生 物群落代谢功能因 PAHs 污染有所提高。 PLFAs 分析结果表明，区域 2 中微生物 PLFAs 总量最高，主要为细菌和真 菌；聚类分析揭示土壤中微生物的 PLFAs 主要分为三大类群；冗余分析表明土 壤 PAHs 污染程度对土壤微生物群落结构有一定的影响。 DGGE 指纹图谱分析结果显示，在 PAHs 污染较高区域，其电泳条带较多， 且三个区域中 Shannon 指数和 Simpson 优势度差异达显著水平，区域 2 种群优势 度较高；主成分分析表明，不同区域土壤微生物的种群结构存在显著性差异。桑 园土壤微生物多样性对 PAHs 污染可作出一定的响应。 关键词：多环芳烃；土壤微生物多样性；Biolog 分析；PLFAs；PCR-DGGE Abstract： Soil pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) become more more and more serious to pose a severe threat to microbial diversity in recent years. Research on microbial diversity of mulberry orchards soil polluted by PAHs can provids basis for soil bioremediation and construction of ecological mulberry orchards. The soil of some road-side mulberry orchard was regarded as object for this research. The conventional culture method, Biolog method, PLFAs map analysis and PCR-DGGE technology were employed to investigate microbial diversity of the soil samples in the three areas of the mulberry orchard, which was contaminated by PAHs. The response of soil microbial diversities to PAHs pollution was also investigated. The results of analysis of PAHs pollution level of three different PAHs-contaminated areas showed that the order of PAHs pollution level is Area2＞ Area3＞Area1. The results of biolog system analysis indicate that the order of average well color development (AWCD) is Area2 ＞ Area3 ＞ Area1, too. The statistical analysis results showed that there are significant differences of Shannon, Evenness and Gini index in the three areas. The activ