Dislocation_of_Joints关节脱位英文.ppt

myositis ossificans ANFH: Avascular necrosis of femoral head 关节脱位 概述 肩关节脱位 肘关节脱位 桡骨头半脱位 髋关节脱位 要求： 专有体征 复位方法 Dislocation of Joints Definition Joint Dislocation Joint Subluxation Joint Sprain refers to damage or tearing of ligaments or a joint capsule Muscle strain Classification Traumatic dislocation excessive force is applied to a joint Pathological dislocation Fresh dislocation Old dislocation Habitual or Recurrent Dislocation Congenital dislocation Treatment Reduction Immobilization Rehabilitation Traction-counter-traction technique Specific maneuvers Dislocation of the Shoulder Joint Anatomy Deltoid m. Anterior (forward) : Over 95% Sub-glenoid Sub-coracoid Subclavicular Intrathoracic or retroperitoneal : very rare Types Superior dislocation(Upward ) Posterior (backward) Posterior dislocations are occasionally due to electrocution or seizure and may be caused by strength imbalance of the rotator cuff muscles. Posterior dislocations often go unnoticed, especially in an elderly patient Inferior (downward) Inferior dislocation is the least likely form, occurring in less than 1% of all shoulder dislocation cases. This condition is also called luxatio erecta because the arm appears to be permanently held upward or behind the head It is caused by a hyper abduction of the arm that forces the humeral head against the acromion. Inferior dislocations have a high complication rate as many vascular, neurological, tendon, and ligament injuries are likely to occur from this kind of dislocation. Diagnosis Special appearance Square shoulder Dugas sign X ray MRI Bankart lesion - Fracture dislocation: - fracture of humeral head, neck, or greater tuberosity; - associated greater tuberosity frx may actually have less frequent recurrent instability than dislocations that occur w/o frx; - compression or avulsion of anterior glenoid (see west point view) -GLAD lesion Hill Sachs lesion: SLAP lesions Rotator cuff tear