口腔医学黏膜常见病一般检查口腔保健.ppt

* * * * 第一节　口腔卫生 一、漱口 １、氟水　适合于低氟适氟区 0.2%NaF/次周　0.05 %NaF/次周 ２、氯已定（洗必泰） ３、甲哨唑 二、刷牙 刷牙方法： 　竖刷牙：先将牙刷头斜向牙龈，刷毛贴附牙龈， 　　　　　　稍加压，沿牙间隙刷向冠方。 　　　　　上牙从上往下；下牙从下往上 横颤竖向移动刷牙： 　　　　　竖刷基础上增加短距离水平向颤动 巴斯刷牙法：又称龈沟清扫法或水平颤动法。 选择软毛牙刷，将牙刷与牙长轴呈45°角指向根尖方向（上颌牙向上，下颌牙向下），按压龈－牙交界区，使刷毛一部分进入龈沟，一部分铺于龈缘上，并尽可能伸入邻间隙内，用轻柔的压力，使刷毛在原位作前后方向短距离的水平颤动10次。颤动时牙刷移动仅约1mm，每次刷2～3个牙。在将牙刷移到下一组牙时，注意重叠放置前牙舌腭侧如牙弓狭窄可将牙刷垂直，压刷毛进入龈沟及邻间隙约45°角，对着牙长轴作短颤动。颌面的刷牙动作是将刷毛紧压颌面，使毛端深入点隙，作前后牙方向的颤动。 三、清洁牙间隙－－牙签、牙线 四、牙龈按摩 五、龈上洁治 第二节　口腔保健 一、普通人：定期检查、纠下不良习惯、消除影 响口腔卫生的不利因素、合理营养、改善劳动环境 二、特定人群：妊娠妇女、婴幼儿、学龄前儿童、 中小学生、残疾人 可能考的解答题 龋病按其病变深度分类及其临床表现 龋病治疗窝洞的预备原则 急性牙髓炎临床表现（尤疼痛特点） 急性根尖周炎的临床表现 牙髓炎和根尖周炎的应急处理 慢性龈缘炎的临床表现及治疗原则 慢性牙周炎的临床表现及治疗原则 局限型侵袭性牙周炎临床表现及治疗原则 口腔溃疡的分型及临床表现 Place bristles along the gumline at a 45-degree angle. Bristles should contact both the tooth surface and the gumline. ??????????????? Gently brush the outer tooth surfaces of 2-3 teeth using a vibrating back forth rolling motion. Move brush to the next group of 2-3 teeth and repeat. ??????????????? Maintain a 45-degree angle with bristles contacting the tooth surface and gumline. Gently brush using back, forth, and rolling motion along all of the inner tooth surfaces Tilt brush vertically behind the front teeth. Make several up down strokes using the front half of the brush. ??????????????? Place the brush against the biting surface of the teeth use a gentle back forth scrubbing motion. Brush the tongue from back to front to remove odor-producing bacteria. ????????????????????????? Wind 20cm of floss around middle fingers of each hand. Pinch floss between thumbs and index fingers, leaving a 1~1.5cm length in between. Use thumbs to direct floss between upper teeth. Keep a 1~1.5cm length of floss taut between fingers. Use index fingers to guide floss between contacts of the lower teeth Gently guide floss between the teeth by using a zig-zag motion. DO NOT SNAP FLOSS BETWEEN YOUR TEETH. Contour floss around the side of the tooth. Slide floss up and down against the tooth su