《大学英语教学资料》语法讲解主谓一致a.pptVIP

主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称、数和意义方面必须和主语保持一致。 1.语法一致 2.意义一致：指主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式。 eg:My family were watching TV at 7 o’clock. 3.就近原则：指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。 eg: There are two pens, a book and three pencils on the desk. 一. 谓语动词用单数的情况 二. 谓语动词用复数的情况 三. 谓语动词可用单数，也可以用复数的情况 一.谓语动词用单数的情况 1．动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。 如： Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job. To understand them (be) impossible. Reading without comprehension (be) no good. 一.谓语动词用单数的情况 2. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 如： Two weeks was too long .Five times five makes twenty five. Seventy miles (be) covered in a single night. 3．当and 连接的两个单数形式的名词作主语，在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数.如: law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水 fork and knife 刀叉 time and tide 岁月 trial and error 反复尝试，不断摸索 bread and butter 奶油面包 一.谓语动词用单数的情况 His warmest admirer and severest critic was his wife. 他的妻子是他最热心的崇拜者和最严厉的批评者。 Whisky and soda (be) always my favorite drink. War and peace (be) a constant theme in history. 一. 谓语动词用单数的情况 注意：在each… and each, every …and every… 等结构后，谓语动词则只能用单数形式： Each boy and each girl is asked to help. Every meeting room and every bedroom is occupied. 一.谓语动词用单数的情况 4．表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词以及表示国家、组织等名称的专有名词是复数形式，作主语时候谓语动词用单数形式 statistics统计学 measles 麻疹 phonetics 语音学 optics 光学 genetics 遗传学 General Motors 通用公司 the Netherlands 荷兰 the New York Times 纽约时报 the United Nations 联合国 一. 谓语动词用单数的情况 5. a pair of + 由两部分构成的物体的名词（如：shoes, scissors, glasses, jeans, pants, trousers 等）做主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如： My new pair of pants is being altered. A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. 但是这些名词直接作主语时，谓语用复数。 如： My black trousers have worn out. 我的黑裤子已经穿破了。 二. 谓语用复数情况 1.由and, both …and, 连接的并列主语，和both ,a few, many ,several 等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形式 如： Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college