《测试信号》教学课件Chapter4_Lec1.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * after the decimal point 小数点后 * * * * * * * * * The Transfer Function Alternate forms: Note: Poles farthest from z = 0 have a magnitude ROC: [z,p,k]=tf2zp(num,den) * Frequency Response from Transfer Function If the ROC of the transfer function H(z) includes the unit circle, then the frequency response of the LTI digital filter can be obtained simply as follows: For a real coefficient transfer function H(z) it can be shown that * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations A causal LTI digital filter is BIBO stable if and only if its impulse response h[n] is absolutely summable, i.e., We now develop a stability condition in terms of the pole locations of the transfer function H(z) S * z-Transform From our earlier discussion on the uniform convergence of the DTFT, it follows that the series converges if is absolutely summable, i.e., if * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations Thus, if the ROC includes the unit circle |z| =r= 1, then the digital filter is stable, and vice versa An FIR digital filter with bounded impulse response is always stable ROC includes |z|=1 Stable system * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations A stable IIR digital filter, its ROC ROC includes |z|=1 Stable system * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations On the other hand, an IIR filter may be unstable if not designed properly In addition, an originally stable IIR filter characterized by infinite precision coefficients may become unstable when coefficients get quantized due to implementation * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations Example - Consider the causal IIR transfer function The plot of the impulse response coefficients is shown on the next slide * Stability Condition in Terms of the Pole Locations As can be seen from the above plot, the impulse response coefficient h[n] decays rapidly to