高二英语M8U3 Word power Grammar预习导学案(20200522152441).docxVIP

PAGE 1 M8U3 Word power Grammar 一 目标与要求： 了解倒装句的基本结构，熟悉常见的几种倒装情况，熟练掌握有关倒装的六大主要考点。 （1）含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装。 （2）含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装。 （3） “so（nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别。 （4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装。 （5）not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装。 （6）only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装。 二 要点精讲 1．全部倒装 　全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 　1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等不及物动词的句子里。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. Under the tree sat a boy. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes.　　　　 Away they went. 2．部分倒装? 　 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 　1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, rarely,seldom, little, hardly, scarcely，at no time, in no way, Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than （刚。。。就。。。），not until… 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题：（1)No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 答案D.具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句。 　 （2）Why cant I smoke here? At no time___ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permitted B.　smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.　does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，须用倒装结构。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. （3）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didnt man know　 D. did man know 　答案D. Not until位于句首，主句倒装。　改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is un