细胞生物学英文课件：细胞膜及物质的穿膜运输1.pptVIP

（二）Exocytosis（胞吐作用） 1、结构性分泌途径（constitutive secretion pathway) 2、条件性分泌途径（regulated secretion pathway) 四、 membrane abnormality and diseases （一）The abnormality of carrier protein and diseases 1. 胱氨酸尿症（cystinuria) 膜转运体异常疾病，遗传性 病人肾小管上皮转运胱氨酸及二氨基氨基酸（赖氨酸，精氨酸 及鸟氨酸）的载体蛋白缺陷而引起的疾病。 pH5-7 时，胱氨酸的饱和浓度为0.3-0.4g/L 2. 肾性糖尿（renal glycosuria) （二）Abnormality of ion channels and diseases Cystic fibrosis（囊性纤维化）：受CAMP调节的氯离子通道 （三）Abnormality of membrane receptor and diseases 1、家族性高胆固醇血症（familial hypercholesterolemina) 2、 重症肌无力（myasthenia gravis) 自身免疫疾病， 体内产生了抗N-Ach 受体的抗体。 （四）Cancer and cell surface changes (癌变和细胞表面的关系) 1、contact and grow inhibition loss 接触抑制丧失 2、abnormality of membrane components(细胞的组成异常) 膜脂的改变：Gm3 Gd3 膜蛋白的改变 3、surface antigen change抗原性的改变 4、the change of reactions with extracellular lectins(与外源性凝集素的反应) Summery ： Chemical components model Small molecule transport Large molecule and particle transport passive active（载体介导运输） Simple diffusion自由扩散 Ion channels 离子通道 Carrier protein mediated facilitated diffusion载体介导的易化扩散 Ion pump 离子泵 Cotransport 协同运输 symport antiport excytosis endocytosis phagocytosis pinocytosis Receptor mediated endocytosis Cell membrane and diseases (细胞膜与疾病) 1、 Facilitated diffusion mediated by carrier protein is passive transport 2、Active transport mediated carrier protein Active transport ATP pump Co-transport (1) ATP pump ① P-class ion pump 钙泵 ② V-class proton pump(质子泵): ③ F-class proton pump: H+-ATP合成酶 ④ ABC transport: (2) Co-transport (协同运输) Two molecules travel together, one as a passenger, the other as a driver. The driver diffuses down its electrochemical gradient, but it cannot do so unless it has the passenger. ATP is not directly involved, but it sets up the electrochemical gradient used to propel the driver. ① Symport （共运输） ??The passenger and the driver are transported in the same direction. ??Na-glucose symport takes place in the intestine, from the gut lumen to the insides of the cells lining the gut. Na+/葡萄糖协同运输蛋白 ②