考点11 冠词（解析版）.docx免费

PAGE 1 2020年高考英语一轮考点扫描 专题11 冠词 【知识精讲】 （一）不定冠词 1. a/an用于人名前,意为“一个叫……的人/一个……样的人/一件……人的作品”。 Sorry, we dont have a Johnson here in the village. a＋most 表示“很,非常”。 The party went on in a most pleasant atmosphere. 序数词前一般加定冠词the表示“第几”,但序数词前可加不定冠词a/an,表示“另一个,又一个”。 In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language. 不定冠词a与物质名词连用,表示“一种,一阵,一份”。 Please give me a black coffee! 用于抽象名词或物质名词前,使其具体化,表示与其相关的具体的人或事。 He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us. 用于某些由动词转化来或具有动作意味的名词前,表示“一次,一番”等(通常与have, take, make, give等动词连用)。 Lets go out for a walk. 有些不可数名词如knowledge, collection, understanding等是由其动词转化而来,它们后面加of...时,前面需用不定冠词a/an。 Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class. 用于“quite/such/what a(n)＋形容词＋单数可数名词”结构中。 Dont be in such a hurry. What a terrible experience! 用在某些表示数量的短语中。 a lot of；a couple of；a great many；a great deal of；a pack of；a bit of；a few of；a large quantity of （二）定冠词 1. 定冠词的四种基本用法 （1）特指某(些)人或某(些)物或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物,或者指上文已经提到的人或事物。(第一次提到用“a/an”,以后再次提到用“the”) Do you know the man standing at the gate of the park? There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. （2）用于世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、表示方位或表示发明物等名词前。 The moon rises in the east and sets in the west. 注意：有些物体虽然也是独一无二的,但习惯上却不用冠词。如space,nature,man。 （3）用在乐器特别是西洋乐器前。 My brother is playing the violin while my sister is chatting on the Internet. 注意：乐器名词表示具体的器物或课程时,不加the。 He bought a piano last month. She taught piano in the school. （4）用于序数词、形容词最高级前。 Everything seemed to be going smoothly for the first two days. Walmart is one of the largest American supermarket chains. 2. 定冠词的其他用法 （1）用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人或夫妇；用于形容词、分词前,表示一类人或物。 the Turners特纳一家；the rich；the old； the sick （2）用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。 It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education. （3）在句型“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体某一部位”中要用the,而不用人称代词。 take sb. by the arm 抓住某人的手臂 hit sb. in the face 打中某人的脸 （4）用在表示计量的名词前,如by th