23个现在完成时的标志词[参考].docxVIP

文档收拾 | 学习参阅 20XX 23个现在完结时的标志词（如to date） 　　当然ever, never, just（刚才/刚刚）, already（现已）, yet（到现在停止）, today, this morning/week/year也是能够运用现在完结时，并非是大多数准则。 ——呈现以下的词汇，一般运用“现在完结时”结构。 ever since, since, since then——3个 by now, so far, till/until now, up to now——5个 before, lately, recently——3个 in recent years；in the past——2个 in/for/over/during the last/past +时间段——2个 This/That/It is + 第一流结构… (that) +从句用现完——1个 This/That/It is the first/second… time (that) +从句用现完——1个 This/That/It is the only…(that) +从句用现完——1个 不很常见的up to the present, to date, thus far——3个 不很常见的long ago, from——2个 ——以上的区分是为了解说回忆的便利罢了。 1.ever since, since, since then——3个 ever since, since中的since能够是副词，也能够是介词、连词； since then为介词+名词（或副词）结构 《朗文英语语法》第309页9.25.2 与since和for连用的现在完结时 since和for常与现在完结时连用，表明直到现在的时段。 since（+时点）可用作： since连词： Tom hasn’t been home since he was a boy. 汤姆从小就不在家了。 since副词： I saw Fiona in May and I haven’t seen her since. 我5月份见过菲奥娜，尔后我就没有再见过她了。 since介词： I’ve lived here since 1980. 自1980年起我就住在这儿。 since用作连词时，后边可跟一般曩昔时或现在完结时： I retired in 1980 and came to live here. I’ve lived here since I retired. 我于1980年退休后就搬到这儿。我自退休后就一向住在这儿。 （即我调休的时点：1980年） I have lived here for several years now and I’ve made many new friends since I have lived here. 我已在这儿住了好多年。从我在这儿住下到现在，我已交了许多新朋友。（即一向到现在） 2.by now, so far, till/until now, up to now——5个 这几个是“到现在停止/到现在为主/迄今（停止）”，常运用现完——中考考点。 《高阶英语语法》（增补本 杜永文编著）第295页0433 If he sent the letter to me last Wednesday, why have not I received it by now? 假如上个星期三他把信寄给我了，为什么到现在我还不曾收到？ 《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第1420页now词条 The meeting should have finished by now. 会议现在应该现已完毕了。 《剑桥高阶英汉双解词典》第785页far词条 so far: until now迄今停止；到现在停止 So far we’ve made thirty-two thousand pounds. 到现在停止，咱们现已赚了32 000英镑。 《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第738页far词条 so far: until now迄今停止 So far we have restricted our attention to the local area. 迄今停止，咱们都把注意力限制在当地。 《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第1420页now词条 up to now/ until now Until now, we’ve had very mild weather this winter. 咱们今年冬天的气候一向到现在都比较温暖。 《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第2155页up词条 Up to now they’ve had very little say. 一向到现在他们还很罕见发言权。