情态动词 初中英语语法教学PPT课件.ppt

如： You?shouldn’t?have?gone back to?the house，you?might?have?been?seriously?burnt.? 2.2 情态动词+不定式进行式 情态动词+ be + v-ing,表推测或评论 某动作现在是否正在进行 如: They shouldn’t be watching TV now. They should be doing their homework. 他们不该在家看电视。 他们应该在做家庭作业才对。 2.3 情态动词+不定式完成进行时 情态动词+have been + v-ing ，表推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。 如:They shouldn’t have been chatting then. They must have been working then. 那时他们不该在闲谈。 他们一定一直在工作 Olympics: He believes rowers could have done better. A gold and two bronze is an amazing achievement but I think all of us would agree that if everything went our way we could have gone better, he said. 情态动词的特征 情态动词（modal verb)表示说话人的语气或情态。情态动词本身虽有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，只能和不带to的动词不定式连用，一起构成谓语动词。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 2.1 情态动词的现在完成式的用法  情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能： 表已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。 在这两个方面 must/mustn’t; can/can’t; need/needn’t; may/mayn’t; might/mightn’t; should/shouldn’t；ought to等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的 2.1.1表示已经发生的情况。 1）must have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的肯定推测，译为“（昨天）一定……”。 如： My pain____ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically：“ Are you feeling all right?” [A] must be [B] had been [C] must have been [D] had to be  2）can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”。 如： Mary ___ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now. [A] couldn’t have received [B] ought to have received [C] has received [D] shouldn’t have received 3）may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。  如: He may have left the car key on the desk. 2.1.2表示虚拟语气 1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。 如： You needn’t have come over yourself. As it turned out to be a small house party, we __ so formally. [A] needn’t dress up [B] did not need have dressed up [C] did not need dress up [D] needn’t have dressed up  2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“