医学与人类健康：呼吸系统常见疾病.pptVIP

* 07/16/96 * ## A closer view of the lobar pneumonia demonstrates the distinct difference between the upper lobe and the consolidated lower lobe. Radiographically, areas of consolidation appear as infiltrates. * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## The cut surface of this lung demonstrates the typical appearance of a bronchopneumonia with areas of tan-yellow consolidation. Remaining lung is dark red because of marked pulmonary congestion. Bronchopneumonia (lobular pneumonia) is characterized by patchy areas of pulmonary consolidation. These areas become almost confluent in the left lower lobe on the bottom left of the photograph.The areas of consolidation are firmer than the surrounding lung. * 07/16/96 * ## This radiograph demonstrates patchy infiltrates consistent with a bronchopneumonia from a bacterial infection. Typical organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, among others. * 07/16/96 * ## At higher magnification, the pattern of patchy distribution of a bronchopneumonia is seen. The consolidated areas here very closely match the pattern of lung lobules (hence the term lobular pneumonia).A bronchopneumonia is classically a hospital acquired pneumonia seen in persons already ill from another disease process. Typical bacterial organisms include: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, E. coli, Pseudomonas. * 07/16/96 * ## At the left the alveoli are filled with a neutrophilic exudate that corresponds to the areas of consolidation seen grossly with the bronchopneumonia. This contrasts with the aerated lung on the right of this photomicrograph. * 07/16/96 * ## At higher magnification can be seen a patchy area of alveoli that are filled with inflammatory cells. The alveolar structure is still maintained, which is why a pneumonia often resolves with minimal residual destruction or damage to the lung. * 07/16/96 * ## At high magnification, the alveolar exudate of mainly neutrophils