大学生主观幸福感与人格特质的相关研究.doc

PAGE PAGE 61 大学生主观幸福感与人格特质的相关研究 摘要 从心理学角度看，主观幸福感是评价者遵照本身拟定的尺度对其生存质量的整体性评估,是能综合权衡自我生存质量的主要心理指标,反映特定群体对生活状况的惬意程度【1】。大学生的主观幸福感状况反映大学生的生活质量，对其身心健康及其发展具有重要意义，而人格又是预测幸福感最稳定的因素之一[2]。本研究旨在探究主观幸福感与人格之间的关系，探讨主观幸福感在性别、年级、专业上是否存在差异，总结大学生的幸福感近状。研究得出以下结论：（1）大学生主观幸福感由身心健康与心态平衡、自我成长与价值目标、家庭氛围与人际适应、知足充裕与社会信心四个维度构成。（2）总的来说，大学生的主观幸福感存在差异。在自我发展与目标价值方面满意度越高的大学生，主观幸福感越高，不同性别、年级、专业的大学生主观幸福感有各自的特征差异。其中女大学生的主观幸福感指数要略高于男生，但是男生和女生在主观幸福感各维度上不存在差异；大四学生的主观幸福感最高,大一学生的主观幸福感最低，但内部感觉不一致，即有的人认为幸福，有的人认为不幸福；艺术专业的学生主观幸福感最高，但内部感觉不一致，即有的人感觉很幸福，而有的人却感觉不幸福；文科专业的学生主观幸福感最低。（3）人格因素影响着大学生的主观幸福感。在宜人性和神经质维度上得分越高的大学生，主观幸福感越低；外倾性、开放性和尽责性均与大学生的自我成长和目标价值极其相关，即这些特质上得分高的大学生，其自我成长和目标价值感也较高。 关键词：大学生；主观幸福感；人格特质 Abstract From the point of view of psychology, subjective well-being is evaluation in accordance with itself to develop the scale of the survival of the overall evaluation of the quality, main psychological index to weigh the quality of their lives, reflect the specific groups on the living conditions of the comfortable degree [1]. College Students subjective well-being reflects the quality of life of college students, which is of great significance to their physical and mental health and their development, and personality is one of the most stable factors to predict happiness [2]. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between subjective well-being and personality, to explore whether there are differences in gender, grades and majors, and to sum up the happiness of college students. The results of the study are as follows: (1) college students subjective well-being is composed of four dimensions: physical and psychological health and mental balance, self growth and value goals, family atmosphere and interpersonal adaptation, contentment and social confidence. (2) in general, there are differences in subjective well-being of College students. The higher degree of satisfaction of self development and objective value, the higher subjective well-being, the different gender, grade, professional co