临终关怀的社会工作介入之探讨信息技术ppt模板.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 19 临终关怀的社会工作介入之探讨 摘要：临终关怀是社会文明发展到一定阶段的产物，开展临终关怀服务一方面有利于提高临终者的生命质量，维护生命的尊严，另一方面有利于节省医疗费用，减少医疗资源的浪费，使有限的医疗资源能够发挥最大的效用。而临终关怀所提倡的人文关怀也有助于转变传统的生物医学模式，改变医护人员以治疗为主的服务理念，从而起到改善医患关系，促进和谐社会构建的作用。然而，我国临终关怀服务目前仍存在着人文关怀不足、专业素质不高、志愿者力量薄弱等一系列的问题。如何更好地发展我国临终关怀事业？本文从临终关怀的现状出发，对社会工作介入临终关怀的方法、内容、效果进行了初步的探讨与分析，得出社会工作介入方法和介入内容的科学性与临终关怀工作的独特性相适应，并有助于完善临终关怀服务的结论。 关键词：社会工作；临终关怀；介入 The discussion of social work’s intervention in hospice care Abstract: Hospice care is the product of a certain stage of social civilization’s development,which can help improve the quality of life of dying ,maintain the dignity of life, and save the medical expenses, reduce the waste of medical resources,make the limited medical resources maximize its utility.The Humanism of hospice care also helps to change the traditional biomedical model and change medical staff’s traditional idea that cure is first, so as to improve the relationship between doctors and patients,?promoting the building of harmonious society. However,the?hospice care in our country still has a lot of problems,such as lack of enough humanistic care, professional quality and enough volunteers.How to develop the hospice care in our country better? In this paper, starting from the present situation of hospice care,we analyzed the methods,content and effect of social work’s intervention in hospice care.And it is concluded that the scientific method and content of social work is adapted to hospice care’s uniqueness,which make itself successfully intervene in hospice care and improve the quality of hospice care as well. Keywords:social work；hospice care；intervention 一、 引言 临终关怀最早起源于20世纪60年代的西方，其创始人是英国的西西里.桑德斯女士，她是一位护士、医生，也是一位社会工作者。 因为工作地点在晚期肿瘤医院，所以桑德斯比常人更多地目睹了临终者的痛苦和生命的离去，这使她深受震撼，开始探索如何改善这种情况，她曾在采访中坦言，“我并不想改变这个世界，我只想改变人们忍受的痛苦”。1967，桑德斯创建了世界上第一家现代安宁院——圣克里斯多弗安宁院（St.Christopher’s Hospice），旨在使临终者在生命最后阶段得到需求的满足和舒适的照顾。该机构的建立掀起了现代临终关怀运动的风潮，有关临终关怀服务的实践和理论研究在世界上许多国家和地区相继展开，70年代后期，临终关怀传入美国，80年代后期被引入中国。 世界卫生组织(WHO)对临终关怀的定义是：对无治愈希望的病患提供一种积极与整体性的照顾；其